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  1. AP English Literature
FlashcardFlashcardStudy GuideStudy GuideQuestion BankQuestion BankGlossaryGlossary

Glossary

A

Archetype

Criticality: 2

A recurring character type, symbol, or motif found across different cultures and stories, representing universal patterns of human experience.

Example:

The 'wise old mentor' who guides the young hero on their quest, like Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings, is a classic archetype.

C

Character Development

Criticality: 3

The process by which a character undergoes significant internal change over the course of a narrative, often in response to conflicts, experiences, or interactions with others.

Example:

A character who begins the novel as a cynical recluse but, through a series of unexpected friendships, learns to trust and open up to others, exemplifies profound character development.

Character's Response to Resolution

Criticality: 3

How a character reacts, verbally or physically, to the conclusion of a story's conflict or plot, revealing their values, personality, and the impact of events on them.

Example:

After the protagonist finally confronts their long-lost sibling, their quiet tears and embrace demonstrate a profound sense of relief and reconciliation, showing their deep desire for family connection in the face of past trauma.

M

Minor Character

Criticality: 2

A supporting figure in a narrative who serves to advance the plot, interact with primary characters, or represent specific ideas, often remaining static throughout the story.

Example:

The wise old shopkeeper who offers a single, cryptic piece of advice to the hero before disappearing from the narrative is a typical minor character.

P

Primary Character

Criticality: 3

A central figure in a narrative, typically the main focus of the plot, who undergoes significant development and whose actions drive the story forward.

Example:

In The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby is the primary character whose elusive dreams and tragic pursuit of Daisy fuel the entire narrative.

S

Static Character

Criticality: 2

A character who remains largely unchanged throughout the course of a story, maintaining consistent traits, beliefs, and attitudes from beginning to end.

Example:

Despite witnessing numerous tragedies and triumphs, the grumpy old neighbor in the story remains perpetually pessimistic and isolated, serving as a classic static character.

Symbolic Role

Criticality: 2

The function of a character, object, or event in a narrative to represent a larger idea, concept, or abstract quality beyond its literal meaning.

Example:

The innocent child in a dystopian novel might play a symbolic role, representing hope for the future amidst widespread despair.

T

Textual Evidence

Criticality: 3

Specific words, phrases, sentences, or plot points directly quoted or referenced from a literary work to support an analytical claim or interpretation.

Example:

When arguing that a character is conflicted, one must provide textual evidence by quoting their contradictory dialogue or describing their hesitant actions from the novel.