Increases carbon sequestration, reduces soil erosion, enhances biodiversity.

Balances timber harvesting with ecosystem health, maintains biodiversity.

Protects pollinators, improves water and air quality.

Reduces runoff, promotes groundwater recharge, preserves green spaces.

Reduces pollution, conserves water, protects soil health.

Protects fish stocks, preserves marine biodiversity.

Mitigates climate change, protects ecosystems.

Enhances biodiversity, increases ecosystem resilience.

Protects native ecosystems, prevents ecological damage.

Reduces air pollution, mitigates climate change.

Vital for human well-being and economic value; impacted by human activities.

Regulate natural processes, often less obvious but crucial.

Provide mental and emotional well-being; often overlooked.

Foundational processes enabling other ecosystem services.

Reduces carbon sequestration, increases soil erosion, loss of biodiversity.

Supports plant reproduction through bees, birds, and other pollinators.

Continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

Hiking, swimming, and picnicking in natural areas.

The beauty and enjoyment we get from nature.

The spiritual or religious significance of ecosystems.

Benefits humans obtain from ecosystems.

Tangible products obtained from ecosystems.

Benefits from ecosystem processes regulating natural phenomena.

Non-material benefits from ecosystems that enrich lives.

Underlying natural processes that enable all other ecosystem services.

Absorption and storage of CO2 from the atmosphere.

Managing pests using natural predators/parasites.

Conversion of sunlight into energy by plants.

Movement of essential elements through ecosystems.

Creation and maintenance of fertile soil.