The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under a range of environmental conditions.

The inability of an organism to survive or reproduce under certain environmental conditions.

Any condition in an environment that can affect the survival, growth, or reproduction of an organism.

A condition where an environmental factor is outside an organism's optimal range, forcing it to expend energy on survival rather than reproduction.

Non-living components of an environment, such as sunlight, water, soil composition, temperature, and nutrients.

Living components of an environment, such as predators, competitors, and the availability of food.

The ability of a species to survive a wide range of environmental conditions; often generalists.

The ability of a species to survive within a narrow range of environmental conditions; often specialists.

It helps us understand species distribution and abundance, and predict how they might respond to environmental changes.

The range of environmental conditions where an organism can thrive – not too much, not too little, but 'just right'.

Stress caused by environmental factors outside a species' tolerance range can reduce reproductive rates and decrease care for offspring.

Changes in temperature and precipitation can push species outside their tolerance ranges, leading to decreased populations or extinction.

Pollutants can create stressful conditions that reduce populations by exceeding their tolerance limits.

Can lead to reduced reproductive rates, decreased care for offspring, increased mortality, migration, or local extinction.

Tolerance is the range of conditions an organism can survive in, while preference is the narrower range they thrive in.

Species with narrow tolerance ranges are more vulnerable to extinction, impacting biodiversity.

The range of environmental conditions where an organism can thrive; not too much, not too little, but 'just right'.

Species are found in areas where environmental conditions fall within their tolerance range.

They are more susceptible to extinction due to environmental changes because they can only survive within a narrow range of conditions.

Stress caused by environmental factors outside a species' tolerance range can lead to reduced reproductive rates and decreased care for offspring.

Pollutants can create stressful conditions that reduce populations by pushing environmental factors outside of a species' tolerance range.

Changes in temperature and precipitation can push species outside their tolerance ranges, leading to decreased populations or migration.

Reduced reproductive rates, decreased care for offspring, increased mortality, migration, or local extinction.

Tolerance is the range of conditions a species *can* survive in, while preference is the narrower range it *thrives* in.

Species with narrow tolerance ranges are more vulnerable to extinction, which can decrease biodiversity.