All Flashcards
What factors cause high birth rates in Stage 1 of the DTM?
Lack of family planning, high infant mortality, need for farm labor.
Why do death rates decline in Stage 2 of the DTM?
Improved healthcare, sanitation, and food availability.
What leads to declining birth rates in Stage 3 of the DTM?
Increased education, family planning, and urbanization.
What characterizes population growth in Stage 4 of the DTM?
Low birth rates, low death rates, and stable or declining population.
What is the main characteristic of Stage 5 of the DTM?
Low CDR, rising CBR, and a stable or slowly increasing growth rate.
How does industrialization affect the DTM?
Leads to decreased death rates in Stage 2 and decreased birth rates in Stage 3.
How does the DTM relate to resource management?
Understanding the DTM helps predict population trends and plan for resource allocation.
How is the DTM connected to urbanization?
Urbanization often leads to lower birth rates as seen in Stage 3.
What is the relationship between development and the DTM?
Countries move through the DTM as they develop, reflecting societal changes.
What are some limitations of the DTM?
It is a model, and real-world scenarios can be more complex and vary from the model's predictions.
What factors cause high birth rates in Stage 1?
Lack of family planning, high infant mortality rates, need for labor on farms.
What factors cause high death rates in Stage 1?
Disease, poor sanitation, limited access to healthcare.
Why do death rates decline in Stage 2?
Improved healthcare, sanitation, and food availability.
Why do birth rates remain high in Stage 2?
Cultural norms and lack of access to contraception.
What factors lead to declining birth rates in Stage 3?
Increased access to education, family planning, and urbanization.
What characterizes population growth in Stage 4?
Low or even negative growth due to low birth and death rates.
What are the main drivers of Stage 5?
Aging populations and slight increases in birth rates.
How does the DTM relate to resource use?
Different stages have different resource demands and consumption patterns.
How does the DTM relate to urbanization?
Urbanization often leads to lower birth rates (Stage 3) and changes in resource consumption.
What are the limitations of the DTM?
It's a model; real-world scenarios can be more complex and influenced by other factors.
How does industrialization impact death rates?
Industrialization leads to improved medicine and modernization, dropping death rates.
How does industrialization impact birth rates?
Industrialization is associated with a decrease in birth rates in Stage 3.
How does improved healthcare affect population growth?
Leads to lower death rates, causing a population boom in early stages.
How does increased access to education affect birth rates?
Leads to lower birth rates as women pursue careers and family planning becomes more common.
What's the effect of high infant mortality on birth rates?
High infant mortality leads to higher birth rates as families try to ensure some children survive.
How does urbanization affect birth rates?
Urbanization typically leads to lower birth rates due to smaller living spaces and increased cost of raising children.
What are the environmental impacts of rapid population growth?
Increased resource consumption, pollution, habitat loss, and deforestation.
How does an aging population affect a country's growth rate?
Can lead to a stable or slowly increasing growth rate, or even decline, depending on birth rates.
What is the impact of improved sanitation on death rates?
Improved sanitation leads to lower death rates due to reduced spread of disease.
How does increased food availability affect population?
Increased food availability lowers death rates, especially in early DTM stages.
What is the effect of family planning on birth rates?
Increased access to family planning leads to lower birth rates.
How does a shift to a post-industrial economy affect birth and death rates?
Leads to low birth and death rates, resulting in stable or declining population.