All Flashcards
What are the steps of soil formation?
Weathering, erosion, deposition, and decomposition.
Describe the process of mountain formation at convergent boundaries.
Plates collide, causing the crust to buckle and fold, forming mountain ranges.
What happens during seafloor spreading?
Plates move apart at divergent boundaries, allowing magma to rise and create new oceanic crust.
Describe the process of ozone depletion.
CFCs are released into the atmosphere, break down in the stratosphere, and release chlorine atoms that destroy ozone molecules.
What drives plate movement?
The molten core of the Earth.
Why is soil important?
It's the foundation of terrestrial life, providing nutrients and support for plants.
What is the role of the ozone layer?
It absorbs harmful UV radiation from the sun.
How does latitude affect climate?
Closer to the equator = more direct sunlight = warmer temperatures.
What causes Earth's seasons?
The tilt of Earth's axis.
What is a rain shadow?
A dry area on the leeward side of a mountain range.
Why are greenhouse gases important?
They trap heat in the atmosphere, regulating Earth's temperature. However, too much can cause global warming.
What is the significance of the A horizon?
It is the topsoil layer, rich in nutrients and essential for plant growth.
What is the impact of CFCs on the stratosphere?
CFCs deplete the ozone layer, leading to increased UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface.
How do El Niño and La Niña affect global weather?
They cause shifts in temperature and precipitation patterns, leading to floods in some areas and droughts in others.
What are the steps of soil formation?
Weathering, erosion, deposition, decomposition.
List the layers of the atmosphere (inner to outer).
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere