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Cause: Earth's rotation. Effect?
Coriolis effect, deflection of wind and currents.
Cause: Uneven solar radiation. Effect?
Temperature differences, atmospheric circulation.
Cause: High pressure. Effect?
Sinking air, clear skies, and diverging winds.
Cause: Low pressure. Effect?
Rising air, cloud formation, and converging winds.
Why does uneven solar radiation occur?
The Earth's tilt causes the equator to receive more direct sunlight than the poles.
How does Earth redistribute heat?
Through atmospheric and oceanic circulation, moving warm air/water towards the poles and cold air/water towards the equator.
What drives atmospheric convection cells?
Temperature differences caused by uneven solar radiation.
How does air pressure affect wind patterns?
Wind flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
How does the Coriolis effect influence wind direction in the Northern Hemisphere?
It deflects moving objects (like air) to the right.
How does the Coriolis effect influence wind direction in the Southern Hemisphere?
It deflects moving objects (like air) to the left.
What is the relationship between latitude and convection cells?
Hadley cells (0-30°), Ferrel cells (30-60°), and Polar cells (60-90°) are located at different latitude bands.
What happens to air at the equator?
Warm, moist air rises, creating a low-pressure zone.
What happens to air at 30° latitude?
Dry air descends, creating a high-pressure zone.
What is the relationship between pressure and wind?
Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, creating wind.
Describe the process of heat redistribution on Earth.
Uneven solar radiation -> temperature differences -> atmospheric/oceanic circulation -> warm air/water moves to poles, cold air/water moves to equator.
Describe the formation of Hadley cells.
Warm, moist air rises at the equator -> cools and releases moisture -> dry air descends at 30° latitude.
How do convection cells influence climate?
Redistribute heat and moisture, create predictable weather patterns.
How does the Coriolis effect influence trade winds?
Deflects winds moving towards the equator, creating consistent wind patterns.