All Flashcards
What are the health effects of photochemical smog?
Respiratory issues (coughing, wheezing) and cardiovascular issues (increased risk of heart attacks).
What are the health effects of industrial smog?
Similar respiratory and cardiovascular problems as photochemical smog.
What is the effect of photochemical smog on plants?
Reduces crop yields and quality.
What is the effect of sulfur dioxide emissions from industrial smog?
Can cause acid rain.
What is the impact of VOCs on ozone levels?
VOCs disrupt the breakdown of ozone, leading to higher ozone levels.
What is the effect of increased traffic on smog formation?
Increased traffic leads to higher emissions of nitrogen oxides and VOCs, increasing smog formation.
What is the effect of warm, sunny days on smog formation?
Warm, sunny days provide the energy for photochemical reactions, increasing smog formation.
What is the effect of particulate matter on human health?
Irritates the respiratory system, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
What is the effect of ozone on human health?
Irritates the respiratory system, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Can worsen asthma.
What is the effect of industrial smog on ecosystems?
Similar respiratory and cardiovascular problems as photochemical smog and can cause acid rain due to sulfur dioxide emissions.
What is the main cause of industrial smog?
Burning coal and industrial emissions, especially sulfur dioxide.
What is the main cause of photochemical smog?
Sunlight reacting with pollutants like nitrogen oxides and VOCs.
Where is industrial smog most common?
Areas with heavy industrial activity like power plants and factories.
Where is photochemical smog most common?
Urban areas with lots of traffic and industrial activity.
How do VOCs contribute to photochemical smog?
VOCs react with NO, forming photochemical oxidants that disrupt ozone breakdown.
Why is tropospheric ozone considered a pollutant?
It irritates the respiratory system and is a key component of smog.
Explain the difference between tropospheric and stratospheric ozone.
Tropospheric ozone is a pollutant in smog, while stratospheric ozone protects us from UV radiation.
Describe the role of sunlight in smog formation.
Sunlight provides the energy for reactions that create photochemical smog.
What are the main components of photochemical smog?
Nitrogen oxides (), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and tropospheric ozone ().
What are the main components of industrial smog?
Sulfur dioxide (), particulate matter, and nitrogen oxides ().
What is the first step in photochemical smog formation?
Nitrogen dioxide () from various sources is released into the atmosphere.
What happens to in sunlight?
Sunlight breaks into NO + O.
How is tropospheric ozone formed in smog?
O + (with sunlight) → .
What happens at night in photochemical smog formation?
+ NO → + .
What role do VOCs play in photochemical smog formation?
VOCs react with NO, forming photochemical oxidants that disrupt the breakdown of ozone.
What pollutants are released in industrial smog formation?
, particulate matter, and are released from burning fossil fuels and industrial processes.
What do the pollutants from industrial smog react to form?
Sulfuric acid, particulate matter, and nitrogen dioxide.
Describe the formation of photochemical oxidants.
VOCs react with NO to form photochemical oxidants.
How does ozone contribute to photochemical smog?
Ozone combines with photochemical oxidants to form photochemical smog.
Summarize the process of industrial smog formation.
Pollutants from burning fossil fuels react to form sulfuric acid, particulate matter, and nitrogen dioxide, creating a thick haze.