zuai-logo
zuai-logo
  1. AP Environmental Science
FlashcardFlashcardStudy GuideStudy GuideQuestion BankQuestion BankGlossaryGlossary

Glossary

E

Economic and Political Factors (in Resource Management)

Criticality: 3

The influence of financial systems, trade agreements, government policies, and international relations on how natural resources are extracted, used, and conserved.

Example:

Subsidies for renewable energy technologies are economic and political factors that can accelerate a country's transition away from fossil fuels.

Energy Dependency

Criticality: 2

The reliance of a country or region on external sources for its energy supply, often due to insufficient domestic production. A 'negative reliance' implies self-sufficiency or being an exporter.

Example:

A nation that imports most of its oil and natural gas demonstrates high energy dependency on other countries.

G

Geographic Factors

Criticality: 2

Environmental characteristics like climate, availability of water, sunlight, and fertile soil that determine the distribution of renewable natural resources.

Example:

The consistent strong winds in certain coastal areas are geographic factors that make them ideal locations for wind farms.

Geological Factors

Criticality: 2

Earth-related processes and characteristics, such as rock types, mineral deposits, and tectonic history, that influence where natural resources are found.

Example:

The formation of coal seams over millions of years is a geological factor determining where this fossil fuel can be mined.

H

Human Impact

Criticality: 3

The effects of human activities, such as consumption, pollution, and land use changes, on the quantity, quality, and long-term viability of natural resources.

Example:

Overfishing in marine ecosystems is a direct human impact that can lead to the depletion of fish stocks.

N

Natural Resources

Criticality: 3

Materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain.

Example:

The vast forests of the Pacific Northwest are a significant natural resource for the timber industry.

P

Political, Economic, and Social Factors

Criticality: 2

Human-influenced aspects such as technology access, infrastructure, trade policies, and societal structures that affect the exploitation and management of natural resources.

Example:

A country's political, economic, and social factors, including its investment in sustainable practices, can determine how effectively it manages its water resources.

R

Resource-Dependent Regions

Criticality: 2

Areas that rely heavily on importing natural resources from other countries because their domestic supply is insufficient to meet their needs.

Example:

Japan, with limited domestic fossil fuel reserves, is a prime example of a resource-dependent region for energy.

Resource-Rich Regions

Criticality: 2

Areas of the world that possess a large abundance of one or more valuable natural resources, often allowing them to be net exporters.

Example:

Brazil, with its extensive rainforests and mineral deposits, is considered a resource-rich region globally.

U

Uneven Distribution

Criticality: 3

The phenomenon where natural resources are not uniformly spread across the Earth's surface, leading to some regions having an abundance while others face scarcity.

Example:

The uneven distribution of rare earth minerals means that only a few countries control the majority of their global supply.