The Living World: Ecosystems
How does deforestation contribute to an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere?
Deforestation reduces the production of fossil fuels
A decrease in the number of plants processing carbon via photosynthesis
Dead plants release carbon as they decompose
Carbon sinks become more effective in storing carbon
Considering the carbon cycle, what would likely happen to atmospheric CO2 levels if global reforestation efforts significantly increase?
Atmospheric CO2 levels would increase because of higher cellular respiration rates in plants.
Atmospheric CO2 levels would fluctuate with no clear trend as forest ecosystems reach carrying capacity.
Atmospheric CO2 levels would remain unchanged as reforestation does not affect the carbon cycle.
Atmospheric CO2 levels would decrease due to an increase in photosynthesis.
How can oceans be considered a sink in the carbon cycle?
Waste decomposition.
Transpiration.
Photosynthesis.
Cellular respiration.
How might cap-and-trade policies for carbon emissions indirectly benefit forest ecosystems?
By creating financial incentives to maintain forests as carbon sinks
By mandating reforestation efforts without providing economic incentives
Through imposing direct taxes on logging companies leading to reduced operations
By setting aside protected zones that can reduce biodiversity due to habitat fragmentation
Which activity by humans increases atmospheric CO2 contributing to changes in Earth's climate system?
Recycling paper products.
Burning fossil fuels for energy production and transportation.
Conserving electricity at home.
Planting trees in urban areas.
What is a potential environmental disadvantage of hydroelectric power plants?
Significant contribution to acid rain formation.
Habitat destruction due to dam construction.
High carbon dioxide emissions during operation.
Extensive air pollution from burning fuel.
What is a potential consequence for the carbon cycle if strict regulations are placed on deforestation without measures for reforestation or afforestation?
Improved soil quality with increased capacity for carbon storage in forest floors.
Decreased ocean acidification as less carbon is absorbed into marine ecosystems.
Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide due to loss of carbon sinks and continued emissions.
Stabilization of global temperatures resulting from reduced vegetation-related methane emissions.

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Which process indicates how humans have intentionally influenced the carbon cycle through technological advancements?
Expansion of industrial-scale composting facilities.
Development of carbon capture and storage technology (CCS).
Introduction of high-yield crop varieties in agriculture.
Enhancement of natural gas extraction techniques like fracking.
Which human activity contributes most directly to the increase of atmospheric CO2, thus affecting the carbon cycle?
Establishment of marine protected areas to conserve biodiversity.
Burning of fossil fuels for energy and transportation.
Implementation of no-till farming to reduce soil erosion.
Sustainable logging practices in managed forests.
Which process in the carbon cycle would most likely be disrupted by an increase in ocean acidity due to higher levels of dissolved CO2?
The release of oxygen from oceanic phytoplankton.
The respiration rates of land animals.
The dissolution and formation of carbonate structures.
The photosynthetic rate of terrestrial plants.
