The Living World: Biodiversity
Which conservation approach would likely have the greatest impact on preserving biodiversity in a large-scale forest ecosystem that is subject to logging?
Introducing genetically modified trees that grow faster and reduce the need for natural forest timber.
Establishing a comprehensive network of protected areas with corridors for species migration.
Encouraging ecotourism to promote local economic growth and raise awareness of forest preservation.
Implementing sustainable logging practices that allow some tree removal while maintaining forest structure.
What type of disturbance allows both early and late succession species to survive simultaneously, leading to maximum species diversity?
Random
Low level
Intermediate
High level
Which consequence is most directly associated with the extraction process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) for natural gas?
Increased seismic activity from waste fluid injection
Potential contamination of groundwater
Complete depletion of nonrenewable resources
Structure degradation from heavy machinery traffic
Which secondary effect of flooding can lead to reduced biodiversity downstream of a river basin?
Increased water clarity boosting photosynthesis and producing more food resources for species.
Temporary increases in nutrient levels stimulating bursts of productivity supporting more species temporarily
The deposition of sediments that can smother aquatic habitats and reduce habitat complexity.
Enhanced dispersal of organisms contributing to genetic diversity among populations along the river.
How does the introduction of invasive species typically affect native ecosystems?
Enhances genetic diversity of native plants.
Outcompetes native species for resources.
Provides additional food sources for native predators.
Protects against soil erosion.
How might acid rain predominately formed from sulfur dioxide emissions affect a freshwater lake ecosystem?
Enhance water clarity, leading to increased photosynthesis in aquatic plants.
Attract more bird species to the area as they prefer acidic environments.
Reduce fish populations due to lower pH levels affecting their reproductive success.
Increase plant growth by providing additional sulfur, which is a nutrient for aquatic plants.
Which term describes the effects of slow and continuous changes on Earth due to species interference and life cycles?
Random changes
Constant changes
Anthropogenic changes
Seasonal changes

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Which outcome best describes how wildfires influence nutrient cycling in an affected ecosystem?
They permanently eradicate essential nutrients, creating vast unproductive regions.
They stabilize long-term nutrient levels by promoting uniform vegetation regrowth.
They temporarily increase nutrient availability by releasing them from plant material during combustion.
They decrease overall primary productivity by destroying decomposers essential for recycling nutrients.
Which outcome might result from a large meteorite impact disrupting Earth’s climate systems?
Mass extinctions could occur due to drastic alterations in temperature and precipitation patterns globally.
A temporary increase in planetary albedo leading to cooler global temperatures but without long-term effects on ecosystems.
Rapid evolution of certain species triggered by sudden changes creating new niches and reducing competition pressures.
Enhanced nutrient cycling from disrupted soils potentially boosting primary productivity post-impact.
In an ecosystem affected by a major flood event, which factor would primarily determine the resilience of local plant species?
The height of plant species above sea level providing physical resistance to water damage during flooding.
The age of individual plants with older plants being more likely to survive due to well-established root systems.
The genetic diversity within plant populations allowing for adaptable traits conferring survival advantages in flooded conditions.
The seasonal timing of the flood affecting photosynthetic rates during crucial growth periods for plants.