Aquatic & Terrestrial Pollution
What is the typical shape of a dose-response curve?
Linear
Exponential
S-shaped (Sigmoidal)
Parabolic
On a typical dose-response curve, what happens to the response as the dose increases significantly?
The response decreases sharply.
The response increases linearly.
The response increases steeply.
The response remains constant.
What is an environmental contaminant?
A naturally occurring substance that is beneficial to the environment.
A substance or organism found where it shouldn't be, causing harm to health or the environment.
A substance that enhances the growth of plants.
A type of fertilizer used in agriculture.
What are the typical units used to measure LD50?
ppm (parts per million)
mg/L (milligrams per liter)
mg/kg (milligrams per kilogram of body weight)
µg/m³ (micrograms per cubic meter)
Substance A has an of 5 mg/kg, Substance B has an of 50 mg/kg and Substance C has an of 500 mg/kg. Rank the substances from most toxic to least toxic.
Substance A > Substance B > Substance C
Substance C > Substance B > Substance A
Substance B > Substance A > Substance C
Substance C > Substance A > Substance B
Which of the following is the correct definition of LD50?
The dose of a substance that causes any adverse effect in 50% of a test population.
The dose of a substance that kills 50% of a test population.
The dose of a substance that cures 50% of a test population.
The dose of a substance that affects 100% of a test population.
What is the primary purpose of conducting dose-response studies?
To determine the color of a chemical substance.
To understand how an organism responds to different amounts of a substance.
To measure the boiling point of a substance.
To identify the melting point of a substance.

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A pesticide has an LD50 of 10 mg/kg in rats. What does this indicate about its toxicity?
The pesticide is relatively non-toxic.
The pesticide is moderately toxic.
The pesticide is highly toxic.
The pesticide is completely harmless.
Which of the following is an example of a common air pollutant?
Bacteria
Carbon Monoxide
Pesticides
Heavy Metals
Which of the following is a common source of arsenic exposure?
Breathing ozone in the upper atmosphere.
Drinking contaminated water.
Using lead-based paint.
Exposure to UV radiation.