All Flashcards
What is Christian Humanism?
Movement blending classical learning with Christian teachings, emphasizing individual potential and religious reform.
Define Naturalism (in art).
Artistic style focusing on detailed and precise depictions of everyday life and individuals.
What was the Northern Renaissance?
The spread of Renaissance ideas to Northern Europe, characterized by religious reform and everyday life focus.
Define 'Renaissance'.
A period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering much of the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas and achievements of classical antiquity.
What is meant by 'religious reform'?
Efforts to change or improve the practices and teachings of the Church, often in response to perceived corruption or discrepancies.
Define 'classical learning'.
The study of ancient Greek and Roman texts, philosophy, and culture.
What is the printing press?
A mechanical device for transferring text or images to paper, invented by Johann Gutenberg.
What is meant by 'vernacular'?
The everyday language spoken by the people of a particular region or country.
Define 'individualism'.
Emphasis on the importance of the individual and their achievements, rather than collective identity.
What is 'human anatomy'?
The scientific study of the structure of the human body.
Compare the Italian and Northern Renaissance.
Italian Renaissance focused on classical texts and mythology; Northern Renaissance emphasized religious reform and everyday life.
Compare the art of the Italian and Northern Renaissance.
Italian Renaissance art was less detailed in naturalism and more mythological; Northern Renaissance art was detailed in naturalism, depicting domestic and religious scenes.
Compare the primary focus of the Italian and Northern Renaissance.
Italian Renaissance focused on intellectual and artistic achievements; Northern Renaissance focused on religious and social reforms.
Who was Erasmus?
Dutch scholar, 'prince of humanism,' criticized Church corruption, created new edition of the New Testament.
Who was Pieter Bruegel the Elder?
Known for detailed scenes of peasant life and symbolic representations in his art.
Who was Rembrandt?
Famous for his detailed portraits and study of human anatomy in his paintings.
Who was Johann Gutenberg?
Inventor of the printing press in the 15th century.