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What is Mercantilism?
Economic theory focused on accumulating wealth and power for the state through a favorable balance of trade and self-sufficiency.
Define Sternpost Rudder.
A rudder mounted on the stern of a ship, improving maneuverability.
What is Cartography?
The art and science of mapmaking; its advancement enabled longer voyages.
Define Favorable Balance of Trade.
Exporting more goods than importing to accumulate wealth.
What is Self-Sufficiency (in mercantilism)?
Acquiring raw materials to avoid reliance on other nations, often through colonies.
Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?
Portuguese prince who sponsored voyages down the African coast, driving early exploration.
Who was Vasco da Gama?
Portuguese explorer who sailed around Africa to India, establishing a crucial trade route.
Who was Christopher Columbus?
Sailed for Spain and landed in the Americas while seeking a westward route to Asia.
Who was Amerigo Vespucci?
Explored the South American coast; the Americas are named after him.
Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
Led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe, though he died during the voyage.
Who was Jean-Baptiste Colbert?
French theorist who promoted mercantilist policies to strengthen the state's economy.
What was the significance of Portugal capturing Ceuta?
A key early step in Portuguese exploration, marking their expansion into North Africa.
What was the significance of Vasco da Gama's voyage?
He sailed around Africa to India, proving a sea route to Asia was possible and highly profitable.
What was the impact of Columbus landing in the Americas?
Marked the beginning of a new era of European exploration and colonization, but also exploitation of indigenous populations.
What was the significance of Magellan's circumnavigation?
Proved that the world was round and demonstrated the possibility of reaching Asia by sailing west.