All Flashcards
What happened during the War of the Spanish Succession?
A European conflict triggered by the death of Charles II of Spain and fears of French dominance, resulting in the Treaty of Utrecht.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Utrecht?
It ended the War of the Spanish Succession, recognized Philip as King of Spain, and redistributed territories, impacting the balance of power in Europe.
What happened during the Seven Years' War?
A global conflict between major European powers over European and colonial dominance, ending with the Treaty of Paris.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
Ended the Seven Years' War, significantly altering the global balance of power, with Britain gaining vast territories from France.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Divided newly discovered lands outside Europe between Portugal and Spain, influencing the colonization of South America.
When did the Dutch colonize New York?
Early 1600s, led by Henry Hudson.
When did Spain dominate the Americas?
1500s.
What was the role of the Dutch East India Company?
Took over many Portuguese trading posts and became a major player in global trade.
What was France's main goal in Haiti?
Establish profitable sugar plantations using enslaved Africans.
What was the result of France trying to get into India?
France lost out to the British after the Seven Years' War.
Who was Charles II of Spain?
His death without an heir triggered the War of the Spanish Succession.
Who was Henry Hudson?
Explored for the Dutch and claimed New York.
Who was Philip (in relation to the War of Spanish Succession)?
Recognized as King of Spain after the War of the Spanish Succession.
What was the role of Spanish Conquistadors?
Explored and conquered vast territories in the Americas for Spain, seeking wealth and spreading Catholicism.
What was the role of Portuguese Explorers?
Pioneered maritime routes to Africa and Asia, establishing trading posts and claiming territories for Portugal.
What was the role of Dutch Merchants?
Dominated global trade through the Dutch East India Company, establishing a vast network of trading posts and colonies.
What was the role of French Missionaries?
Sought to convert indigenous populations to Catholicism in the Americas and Asia, often working alongside traders and colonists.
What was the role of British Colonists?
Established settlements in North America, seeking economic opportunities, religious freedom, and land ownership.
What was the role of African Slaves?
Provided forced labor on plantations in the Americas, contributing to the economic wealth of European colonial powers.
What was the role of Indigenous Populations?
Resisted European colonization, often through armed conflict, while also engaging in trade and cultural exchange with European settlers.
What were the causes and effects of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Cause: Competition between Spain and Portugal. Effect: Division of South America, shaping colonial development.
What were the causes and effects of the War of the Spanish Succession?
Cause: Death of Charles II without an heir and fears of French dominance. Effect: Treaty of Utrecht, altered European power balance.
What were the causes and effects of the Seven Years' War?
Cause: Colonial and European rivalries. Effect: Treaty of Paris, British dominance, reshaped global power dynamics.
What were the causes and effects of the Asiento?
Cause: Demand for labor in Spanish colonies. Effect: Increased slavery and economic competition among European powers.
What were the causes and effects of Dutch religious tolerance?
Cause: Calvinist values and a pragmatic approach to governance. Effect: Economic growth and attraction of skilled workers and merchants.
What were the causes and effects of Mercantilism?
Cause: Desire for national wealth and power. Effect: Colonial expansion, trade restrictions, and conflicts over resources.
What were the causes and effects of the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
Cause: Demand for labor on plantations in the Americas. Effect: Devastation of African societies, enrichment of European powers, and the creation of a system of racial inequality.
What were the causes and effects of European exploration?
Cause: Desire for new trade routes, wealth, and religious conversion. Effect: Colonial expansion, cultural exchange, and the exploitation of indigenous populations.
What were the causes and effects of Colonial Rivalries?
Cause: Competition for land, resources, and trade. Effect: Wars, shifting alliances, and the reshaping of global power dynamics.
What were the causes and effects of French colonization in Haiti?
Cause: Desire for wealth through sugar production. Effect: Establishment of profitable plantations, reliance on enslaved labor, and social unrest.