All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of the English Civil War?
Causes: King Charles I's clashes with Parliament over power-sharing, religious tensions. Effects: Parliament's victory, execution of Charles I.
What were the causes and effects of the Glorious Revolution?
Causes: James II's conflicts with Parliament. Effects: Overthrow of James II, establishment of constitutionalism in England.
What were the causes and effects of the Agricultural Revolution?
Causes: Desire for increased food production, new crops like potatoes. Effects: Increased food supply, population growth, displacement of people.
What were the causes and effects of the enclosure movement?
Causes: Desire to consolidate land ownership and increase agricultural investment. Effects: Increased agricultural production, displacement of rural populations, rise of private property.
What were the causes and effects of mercantilism?
Causes: Desire to increase domestic production and national wealth. Effects: Restrictions on imports, colonial exploitation, growth of the Atlantic Slave Trade.
What were the causes and effects of overseas trade?
Causes: Desire for goods not available in Europe. Effects: New financial practices, growth of banks and stock exchanges, the rise of mercantilism.
What were the causes and effects of absolutism?
Causes: Monarchs' desire for total control. Effects: Limited noble influence, strong states with powerful militaries, modernization of nations.
What were the causes and effects of the balance of power?
Causes: Fear of any single country becoming too powerful. Effects: Shaped conflict and diplomacy in Europe, led to wars against France under Louis XIV.
What were the causes and effects of the introduction of potatoes?
Causes: Need for increased food supply. Effects: Increased food availability, population growth.
What were the causes and effects of the putting-out system?
Causes: Shift towards a market economy. Effects: Families produced goods at home, contributed to the growth of market economies.
What is the definition of Sovereignty?
The political power to make and enforce rules without needing approval from a higher authority.
What is the definition of Constitutionalism?
A system where monarchs share power with a parliament, limiting their authority.
What is the definition of Absolutism?
A political system where the monarch holds all the power, limiting the influence of nobles and other institutions.
What is the definition of Balance of Power?
A principle in European relations where no single country should become too powerful, shaping diplomacy and conflict.
What is the definition of Enclosure Movement?
The consolidation of land ownership in Britain, turning open lands into private property, encouraging investment and new techniques.
What is the definition of Putting-out System?
A system where families produced goods like cloth at home as part of a larger market economy.
What is the definition of Cottage Industry?
Synonymous with the putting-out system, where families produce goods at home.
What is the definition of Mercantilism?
An economic policy to increase domestic production and keep profits from trade, often involving restrictions on imports and colonial production.
Define Agricultural Revolution.
Significant changes in agriculture, including new crops and consolidation of land, leading to increased food supply.
What does 'market economy' mean?
An economy where people produce goods for the market, not just for themselves, with investors organizing production.
Compare Absolutism and Constitutionalism.
Absolutism: Monarch holds all power. Constitutionalism: Monarch shares power with a parliament. Both shaped European state development but with different power structures.
Compare the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution.
English Civil War: Violent conflict, led to the execution of Charles I. Glorious Revolution: Peaceful overthrow of James II, established constitutionalism.
Compare the putting-out system and the factory system.
Putting-out system: Home-based production. Factory system: Centralized production. The putting-out system preceded the factory system.