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Compare inductive and deductive reasoning.
Inductive reasoning goes from specific observations to general conclusions; deductive reasoning starts with general principles and applies them to specific cases.
Compare the geocentric and heliocentric theories.
Geocentric theory places Earth at the center of the universe; heliocentric theory places the Sun at the center of the solar system.
What was the significance of Bacon formalizing the scientific method (1621)?
Provided a structured approach to scientific inquiry, emphasizing observation and experimentation.
What was the significance of Descartes emphasizing deductive reasoning (1637)?
Advanced the scientific method by emphasizing logical analysis and general principles.
What was the significance of Harvey's discovery of blood circulation?
Revolutionized understanding of the human body and disproved the humoral theory.
What was the significance of Copernicus developing the Heliocentric Theory?
Challenged the long-held geocentric view and shifted the understanding of the cosmos.
What was the significance of Kepler's laws of planetary motion?
Provided a more accurate description of planetary movement, supporting heliocentrism.
What was the significance of Galileo's use of the telescope?
Provided observational evidence supporting heliocentrism and challenging religious doctrine.
What was the significance of Newton's Three Laws of Motion?
Proved Earth's revolution around the sun and provided a universal explanation of motion.
What was the impact of the development of the microscope?
Allowed for the discovery of microorganisms, revolutionizing medicine and biology.
What was the impact of the Scientific Revolution on Alchemy?
Alchemy was influenced by science, but the Church maintained that the cosmos was governed by spiritual forces.
What was the impact of the Scientific Revolution on medicine?
Shifted focus to anatomy, bodily systems, and physiology
Who was Francis Bacon?
Formalized the scientific method and emphasized inductive reasoning.
Who was Rene Descartes?
Emphasized deductive reasoning and the scientific method.
Who was William Harvey?
Discovered blood circulation and disproved the humoral theory.
Who was Nicholas Copernicus?
Developed the Heliocentric Theory.
Who was Johannes Kepler?
Formulated the laws of planetary motion.
Who was Galileo Galilei?
Used the telescope to observe the night sky, supporting heliocentrism.
Who was Isaac Newton?
Developed the Three Laws of Motion and proved Earth's revolution around the sun.