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What is the significance of the publication of *Leviathan*?
Thomas Hobbes' book advocating for an absolutist monarchy to maintain order.
What is the significance of the publication of *A Vindication of the Rights of Woman*?
Mary Wollstonecraft's argument for equal rights and opportunities for women.
What is the significance of the publication of *The Wealth of Nations*?
Adam Smith's advocacy of laissez-faire economics and the free market.
What was the purpose of Diderot's *Encyclopédie*?
To compile and spread knowledge from various Enlightenment thinkers and fields.
What was the impact of salons and coffeehouses during the Enlightenment?
Provided spaces for discussion and dissemination of Enlightenment ideas.
What is the Enlightenment?
18th-century movement emphasizing reason, science, and individualism.
Define 'tabula rasa'.
Blank slate; John Locke's idea that humans are born without innate knowledge.
What are natural rights?
Inherent rights that cannot be taken away, such as life, liberty, and property (Locke).
What is 'laissez-faire' economics?
Economic system with minimal government intervention (Adam Smith).
Define 'separation of powers'.
Dividing governmental power among different branches (Montesquieu).
What is a 'social contract'?
Agreement where individuals give up some freedom for order (Rousseau).
What is 'deism'?
Belief in God as a creator who does not interfere in daily life (Voltaire).
What is 'skepticism'?
Challenging traditional doctrines by demanding proof and questioning understanding.
Define 'individualism'.
Emphasizing the importance and rights of the individual.
What is 'capitalism'?
Economic system guided by supply, demand, and competition.
Who was Thomas Hobbes?
English philosopher who believed humans are selfish and need a strong government.
Who was John Locke?
Enlightenment thinker who advocated for natural rights and constitutional monarchy.
Who was Voltaire?
Advocate for religious tolerance and freedom of thought.
Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
Believed society corrupts individuals and advocated for a social contract.
Who was Baron de Montesquieu?
Advocated for separation of powers and checks and balances in government.
Who was Denis Diderot?
Compiler of the *Encyclopédie* to spread Enlightenment ideas.
Who was Mary Wollstonecraft?
Early feminist who argued for equal rights and education for women.
Who was Adam Smith?
Advocate for laissez-faire economics and the free market.
Who was David Hume?
Scottish philosopher known for his religious skepticism.
Who was Immanuel Kant?
German philosopher who questioned the limits of human understanding.