All Flashcards
Define Liberty.
Freedom from arbitrary or despotic control; the power to exercise rights.
Define Equality.
The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities.
Define Fraternity.
A sense of common brotherhood and mutual support among people.
What was the Reign of Terror?
A period of extreme violence and fear during the French Revolution, marked by mass executions.
Define Conservatism.
A political philosophy emphasizing tradition, established institutions, and gradual change.
What does 'Radical Break with Tradition' mean?
A sudden and drastic departure from established customs, beliefs, or practices.
Define duties in a political context.
Obligations or responsibilities that individuals owe to society, the government, or other individuals.
Define Rights in a political context.
Moral or legal entitlements that individuals possess, protecting them from certain actions or ensuring certain freedoms.
Define Guerrilla Warfare.
A form of irregular warfare in which small groups of combatants use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.
What is a Republic?
A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
What was the significance of the French Revolution?
It was a period of social and political upheaval in late 1700's France, ultimately toppling the monarchy and establishing a republic.
What was the main cause of the Reign of Terror?
Radical factions vying for power led to mass executions of perceived enemies of the revolution.
What was the outcome of the Haitian Revolution?
Haiti became the first black republic in the world, declaring independence from France in 1804.
What was the impact of Print Media on the French Revolution?
Books, newspapers, and pamphlets helped spread revolutionary ideas across Europe, influencing social and political movements.
What was the impact of the French Revolution on European monarchies?
Monarchies feared the spread of revolutionary ideas and formed alliances to contain them and defend their power.
What was the role of the Enlightenment in the Haitian Revolution?
Enlightenment ideals inspired Toussaint L'Ouverture and the enslaved people of Saint-Domingue to revolt against French colonial masters.
What was the significance of Haiti's independence in 1804?
Haiti became the first nation founded by formerly enslaved people, marking a major victory for abolitionists and a blow to colonialism.
What military tactics characterized the Haitian Revolution?
Bloody battles and the use of guerrilla warfare tactics defined the Haitian Revolution.
What was the impact of the French Revolution on Art?
Artists amplified the revolutionary message, inspiring social and political movements.
What was the impact of the French Revolution on Intellectuals?
Thinkers amplified the revolutionary message, inspiring social and political movements.
Who was Edmund Burke?
A major critic of the French Revolution and an influential conservative thinker.
What was Edmund Burke's view of the French Revolution?
He saw it as a dangerous break from tradition and established order, predicting chaos and tyranny.
Who was Toussaint L'Ouverture?
The leader of the Haitian Revolution, who led a revolt of enslaved people in Saint-Domingue.
What was Toussaint L'Ouverture's inspiration?
He was inspired by Enlightenment ideals and the French Revolution to fight for freedom and equality.
What was Edmund Burke's influence?
His ideas were influential among conservatives and traditionalists in Britain and Europe, solidifying opposition to the French Revolution.
What was Edmund Burke's emphasis?
He criticized the revolution's focus on reason and individualism, arguing it neglected traditional values and emphasized duties over rights.
What was Toussaint L'Ouverture's impact?
He led the enslaved people of Saint-Domingue to successfully declare independence from France in 1804, establishing Haiti as the first black republic.
What was Edmund Burke's prediction?
Burke predicted that the revolution would lead to chaos, tyranny, and destruction of social order.
What was Edmund Burke's belief?
He believed the revolution was misguided in emphasizing rights over duties and responsibilities.
What was Toussaint L'Ouverture's goal?
He aimed to liberate the enslaved population of Saint-Domingue and establish a free and independent nation.