All Flashcards
What were the causes and effects of the French Revolution and Napoleonic Era?
Causes: Enlightenment ideas, social inequality. Effects: Spread of liberalism and nationalism, redrawing of European map.
What were the causes and effects of the Congress of Vienna?
Causes: End of Napoleonic Wars, desire for stability. Effects: Restoration of monarchies, suppression of liberalism and nationalism, creation of the Holy Alliance and Quadruple Alliance.
What was the cause of the redrawing of European boundaries?
The desire to create buffer states and prevent future French expansion.
What was the effect of suppressing liberal and nationalist movements?
It led to future conflicts and revolutions as these sentiments were not eliminated but rather suppressed.
What was the cause of the formation of the Holy Alliance?
The desire to promote Christian values and suppress revolutionary movements.
What was the effect of the Congress of Vienna's decisions on European politics?
The decisions shaped European politics for decades, influencing alliances and conflicts.
What was the cause of the creation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands?
Merging Austrian Netherlands and Dutch territories to create a buffer state against France.
What was the effect of the restoration of monarchies?
It temporarily suppressed liberal and nationalist movements but did not eliminate them.
What was the cause of the formation of the Quadruple Alliance?
To maintain the territorial settlements established at the Congress of Vienna and prevent French resurgence.
What was the effect of the balance of power established by the Congress of Vienna?
It led to a period of relative peace in Europe but also sowed the seeds of future conflicts.
What was the Congress of Vienna?
A conference of European ambassadors held in Vienna from 1814 to 1815, aiming to establish peace and stability after the Napoleonic Wars.
When was the Congress of Vienna?
1814-1815
What was the main goal of the Congress of Vienna?
To restore Europe to its pre-1789 state and prevent any single nation from dominating the continent.
What was the significance of redrawing the map of Europe?
It aimed to create buffer states and prevent future French expansion by adjusting borders and creating new countries.
What was the impact of the Congress on Poland?
Poland did not regain independence and became a Russian territory.
What territories did Prussia gain?
Prussia gained more land along the Rhine River.
What territories did Piedmont receive?
Piedmont received Genoa.
What happened to France at the Congress of Vienna?
France was given generous peace terms and allowed to keep territory gained before November 1, 1792, to avoid resentment.
What was the outcome of the Congress of Vienna regarding monarchies?
Pre-revolutionary monarchs were restored to power in many European countries.
What was the overall impact of the Congress of Vienna on Europe?
It led to a period of relative peace but also suppressed liberal and nationalist movements, sowing the seeds of future conflicts.
What is the definition of 'Liberalism'?
A political philosophy advocating individual freedoms and limited government intervention.
What is the definition of 'Nationalism'?
A political ideology emphasizing loyalty and devotion to a nation, often promoting self-determination.
What is the definition of 'Balance of Power'?
A system in which no single nation is allowed to become too dominant, preventing wars and maintaining stability.
What was the 'Holy Alliance'?
An alliance between Russia, Austria, and Prussia to promote Christian values and suppress revolutionary movements.
What was the 'Quadruple Alliance'?
An alliance between Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia to maintain territorial settlements and prevent French resurgence.
Define 'Conservatism' in the context of the Congress of Vienna.
A political philosophy favoring traditional social hierarchies and resisting revolutionary change.
What does 'Restoration' mean in the context of the Congress of Vienna?
The act of reinstating pre-revolutionary monarchs and political systems.
Define 'Buffer State'.
A neutral territory separating rival powers, intended to prevent conflict.
What is meant by 'Legitimacy'?
The principle of restoring ruling families who had been deposed by the French Revolution or Napoleon.
Define 'Indemnity'.
A financial penalty imposed on a defeated nation to compensate for damages caused during a conflict.