All Flashcards
What was the Congress of Vienna?
A conference of European ambassadors held in Vienna from 1814 to 1815, aiming to establish peace and stability after the Napoleonic Wars.
When was the Congress of Vienna?
1814-1815
What was the main goal of the Congress of Vienna?
To restore Europe to its pre-1789 state and prevent any single nation from dominating the continent.
What was the significance of redrawing the map of Europe?
It aimed to create buffer states and prevent future French expansion by adjusting borders and creating new countries.
What was the impact of the Congress on Poland?
Poland did not regain independence and became a Russian territory.
What territories did Prussia gain?
Prussia gained more land along the Rhine River.
What territories did Piedmont receive?
Piedmont received Genoa.
What happened to France at the Congress of Vienna?
France was given generous peace terms and allowed to keep territory gained before November 1, 1792, to avoid resentment.
What was the outcome of the Congress of Vienna regarding monarchies?
Pre-revolutionary monarchs were restored to power in many European countries.
What was the overall impact of the Congress of Vienna on Europe?
It led to a period of relative peace but also suppressed liberal and nationalist movements, sowing the seeds of future conflicts.
Who was Klemens von Metternich?
The Austrian statesman who led the Congress of Vienna and sought to maintain a conservative order.
What was Metternich's main goal?
To suppress revolutionary ideas and maintain a conservative order in Europe.
What was Metternich's view of the French Revolution?
He believed the French Revolution's changes were a danger to established monarchies.
What role did Great Britain play at the Congress of Vienna?
As one of the 'Big Four,' Great Britain aimed to establish a lasting peace based on a balance of power.
What role did Prussia play at the Congress of Vienna?
As one of the 'Big Four,' Prussia sought territorial gains and a balance of power to prevent future French aggression.
What role did Russia play at the Congress of Vienna?
As one of the 'Big Four,' Russia aimed to expand its influence and promote Christian values through the Holy Alliance.
What role did Austria play at the Congress of Vienna?
Led by Metternich, Austria hosted the Congress and sought to restore monarchies and suppress revolutionary ideas.
What is the definition of 'Liberalism'?
A political philosophy advocating individual freedoms and limited government intervention.
What is the definition of 'Nationalism'?
A political ideology emphasizing loyalty and devotion to a nation, often promoting self-determination.
What is the definition of 'Balance of Power'?
A system in which no single nation is allowed to become too dominant, preventing wars and maintaining stability.
What was the 'Holy Alliance'?
An alliance between Russia, Austria, and Prussia to promote Christian values and suppress revolutionary movements.
What was the 'Quadruple Alliance'?
An alliance between Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia to maintain territorial settlements and prevent French resurgence.
Define 'Conservatism' in the context of the Congress of Vienna.
A political philosophy favoring traditional social hierarchies and resisting revolutionary change.
What does 'Restoration' mean in the context of the Congress of Vienna?
The act of reinstating pre-revolutionary monarchs and political systems.
Define 'Buffer State'.
A neutral territory separating rival powers, intended to prevent conflict.
What is meant by 'Legitimacy'?
The principle of restoring ruling families who had been deposed by the French Revolution or Napoleon.
Define 'Indemnity'.
A financial penalty imposed on a defeated nation to compensate for damages caused during a conflict.