All Flashcards
When did WWI start and end?
1914-1918
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The peace settlement that ended WWI, punishing Germany and creating the League of Nations.
When did WWII start and end?
1939-1945
What was the Russian Revolution?
Overthrew the Czar and established the first communist state (USSR).
What was the Great Depression?
A global economic crisis triggered by the US financial collapse in the 1930s.
What was the New Economic Policy?
Limited free-market policies under Lenin.
What was the Holocaust?
Systematic murder of millions of European Jews by the Nazis.
What was the effect of aerial bombardment?
Extensive bombing of civilian areas
What was the effect of the Allied Victory?
Overwhelmed the Axis powers through combined industrial and technological strength.
What was the effect of Nazi Racism?
Anti-Semitism fueled the Nazi state.
Who was Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
His assassination in 1914 was the short-term cause of WWI.
Who was Vladimir Lenin?
Led the Bolsheviks, seized power, and created the Soviet Union.
Who was Benito Mussolini?
Fascist dictator of Italy.
Who was Adolf Hitler?
Nazi dictator of Germany.
Who was Stalin?
Rapid industrialization and brutal suppression of dissent.
Who was a member of the 'Lost Generation'?
Young people grappling with the aftermath of war.
Who were the Bolsheviks?
Led by Vladimir Lenin, they seized power and created the Soviet Union.
Who were the Nazi?
Anti-Semitism fueled the Nazi state.
Who was Karl Marx?
Based on the idea of communal ownership and the abolition of capitalism.
Who was a member of the Axis Power?
Germany, Italy, Japan, Vichy France
What is 'total war'?
War where entire societies are mobilized for the war effort.
Define 'nationalism'.
Intense pride in one's nation, often leading to rivalries.
What is 'militarism'?
Glorification of military power and buildup of arms.
Define 'imperialism'.
Competition for colonies and resources.
What were the 'Allied Powers'?
The alliance during WWI including Russia, France, Great Britain, Italy, and the US.
What were the 'Central Powers'?
The alliance during WWI including Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire.
What is 'fascism'?
Ideology emphasizing nationalism, authoritarianism, and often racism.
Define 'blitzkrieg'.
German 'lightning war' tactics.
What is 'genocide'?
Systematic murder of a group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.
Define 'communism'.
Ideology based on communal ownership and the abolition of capitalism.