All Flashcards
What is the 'Lost Generation'?
The generation that came of age during WWI, characterized by disillusionment and aimlessness.
Define 'Theory of Relativity'.
Einstein's theory revolutionizing understanding of gravity and spacetime.
What is 'Quantum Mechanics'?
A fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles.
What is meant by 'universal suffrage'?
The right of all adult citizens to vote, regardless of sex, race, belief, or social status.
Define 'authoritarian regime'.
A political system where a single ruler or party exercises total control over the state.
What is 'disillusionment'?
A feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed it to be.
Define 'feminist movement'.
Organized efforts to achieve political, economic, personal, and social equality for women.
What is the 'nuclear age'?
The period in history defined by the existence and potential use of nuclear weapons.
Define 'economic independence'.
The ability of an individual to support themselves financially without reliance on others.
What is 'objective knowledge'?
Knowledge based on facts and evidence, not influenced by personal feelings or opinions.
When was the Manhattan Project?
During WWII, culminating in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
What was the impact of WWI?
Created a 'Lost Generation' and widespread disillusionment.
What was the impact of WWII?
Massive casualties, particularly in the Soviet Union, Poland, and Germany.
What happened after WWI regarding women's suffrage?
Many European nations and the US granted women the right to vote.
What was the result of the development of nuclear weapons?
Shattered the previous sense of security and created a new kind of threat.
What was the impact of women taking roles in factories during the world wars?
Women gained valuable workforce skills and economic independence.
What was the result of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Marked a turning point in history and the start of the nuclear age.
What did the scientific advancements of the 19th century lead to?
Great discoveries in physics, chemistry, and biology fueled optimism.
What happened in many European nations after WWII regarding women's suffrage?
Most European nations that did not grant suffrage after WWI did so after WWII.
What was the result of the disillusionment from WWI?
Contributed to the rise of authoritarian regimes.
What were the causes and effects of WWI?
Causes: Complex alliances, nationalism, imperialism. Effects: 'Lost Generation', disillusionment, redrawing of political boundaries.
What were the causes and effects of women's involvement in wartime industries?
Causes: Men at war created job vacancies. Effects: Increased economic independence and momentum for suffrage.
What were the causes and effects of the Manhattan Project?
Causes: Fear of Nazi Germany developing nuclear weapons. Effects: Atomic bombings, the nuclear age, and the Cold War.
What were the causes and effects of scientific advancements in the 19th century?
Causes: Desire to understand the natural world. Effects: Optimism, industrial growth, but also new anxieties.
What were the causes and effects of the disillusionment after WWI?
Causes: Extreme loss and trauma of WWI. Effects: Rise of authoritarian regimes.
What were the causes and effects of women gaining workforce skills during both wars?
Causes: Needed to fill roles previously held by men. Effects: Increased their economic independence.
What were the causes and effects of the development of nuclear weapons?
Causes: The study of physics. Effects: Shattered the previous sense of security and created a new kind of threat.
What were the causes and effects of feminist movements?
Causes: Desire for equality and recognition. Effects: Advocating for universal suffrage, as well as for women's place in politics and the job market.
What were the causes and effects of granting women the right to vote?
Causes: Women served their country in war. Effects: Strengthening of feminist movements, advocating for women's place in politics and the job market.
What were the causes and effects of totalitarian policies and mass killings during WWII?
Causes: The rise of totalitarian regimes. Effects: The Axis powers and the Soviet Union had incredibly high losses.