All Flashcards
Who was Nikita Khrushchev?
Soviet leader who allowed some reforms after Stalin's death but still crushed Eastern European independence movements.
Who was Mikhail Gorbachev?
Soviet leader whose reforms failed, leading to the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.
Who was Margaret Thatcher?
The first woman to become Prime Minister of the UK.
What were the causes and effects of the Marshall Plan?
Causes: Post-WWII devastation in Europe, US desire to contain communism. Effects: Rapid economic growth in Western Europe.
What were the causes and effects of Decolonization?
Causes: Nationalist movements in European colonies. Effects: Creation of independent states, sometimes violent conflicts.
What were the causes and effects of the collapse of the Soviet Union?
Causes: Gorbachev's failed reforms, economic stagnation, rise of nationalism. Effects: Dissolution of the USSR, end of the Cold War, re-emergence of new nations.
What were the causes and effects of the expansion of the welfare state?
Causes: Desire for social safety nets and economic security after WWII. Effects: Increased government spending, improved living standards, but later limitations due to economic pressures.
What were the causes and effects of the rise of new nationalism after the Cold War?
Causes: Dissatisfaction with communist rule, desire for self-determination. Effects: Overthrow of communist regimes, unification (Germany), separation (Czechoslovakia), conflict (Balkans).
What were the causes and effects of technological advancements in post-war Europe?
Causes: Scientific progress, investment in research and development. Effects: Increased life expectancy, globalization, closer connections between Europeans and the world.
What were the causes and effects of American technology and culture becoming prominent in European cultures?
Causes: Globalization, the spread of American technology. Effects: The spread of American culture, but national traditions persisted.
What were the causes and effects of immigration from Asia and Africa in Europe?
Causes: Economic opportunities, political instability. Effects: Europe became more religiously diverse, especially with the rise of Muslim populations.
What were the causes and effects of the baby boom?
Causes: Post-war optimism and economic prosperity. Effects: Emphasis on youth in popular culture.
What were the causes and effects of the Cold War?
Causes: Post-WWII rivalry between the US and USSR. Effects: Division of Europe, proxy wars, arms race, and eventual collapse of the Soviet Union.
What was the Cold War?
A period of intense tension without direct military conflict between the US and the USSR due to the threat of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD).
What happened in Hungary, 1956?
Soviet tanks intervened to suppress dissent and maintain communist control.
What happened between 1988-1991 in Eastern Europe?
The overthrow of communist rule occurred due to the rise of new nationalism.
What happened in 1991?
The dissolution of the USSR occurred, marking the end of the Soviet Union.
What was the Second Vatican Council (1962)?
A series of meetings that brought significant reforms to the Catholic Church.
What was the Korean War?
A proxy war during the Cold War between the US and its allies versus North Korea and China.
What was the Vietnam War?
A proxy war during the Cold War between the US and its allies versus North Vietnam and the Viet Cong.
What happened in 1993?
The European Union (EU) was established with a common currency, the Euro.
What was the Marshall Plan?
A US program providing aid to Western Europe after WWII, leading to rapid economic growth.
What was the decolonization of Vietnam?
Vietnamese nationalists captured French troops in 1954.