Explain Malthusian Theory.
Population grows exponentially, resources grow linearly, leading to resource scarcity and crisis.
What is the impact of the Industrial Revolution on population growth?
Increased food production and economic opportunities led to a population boom, especially in developed countries.
What is the impact of the Medical Revolution on population growth?
Advancements in medicine drastically reduced mortality rates, leading to population spikes, especially in developing countries.
What is the impact of the Green Revolution on population growth?
Increased food production in developing countries helped feed a growing population and reduced hunger.
Explain the interconnectedness of the Industrial, Medical, and Green Revolutions.
Each revolution built upon the previous one, leading to exponential population growth through increased food, medicine, and technology.
What are some criticisms of Malthus's theory?
Overly negative, didn't account for technological and social innovation that increased food production.
What was the role of capital investments in the Industrial Revolution?
Capital investments fueled the development of new technologies and infrastructure, driving economic growth and population increase.
What were the key features of the Green Revolution?
High-yield crop varieties, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, irrigation systems, and mechanization.
What was the impact of the potato blight in Ireland?
It destroyed potato crops, leading to mass starvation, disease, and emigration, causing a significant population decline.
What was the impact of the polio vaccine?
Reduced polio incidence worldwide, significantly improving public health.
Define Industrial Revolution.
Period of huge economic and social change in Europe and North America, driven by new energy sources and technology.
Define Medical Revolution.
Rapid advancements in medicine that drastically increased life expectancy in the 1900s.
Define Green Revolution.
Rapid agricultural development, especially in developing countries, using high-yield crops and chemical inputs.
Who was Thomas Malthus?
English economist who theorized population grows exponentially while resources grow linearly.
What was the Irish Potato Famine?
Mass starvation, disease, and emigration in Ireland (1845-1852) caused by potato blight.
Who was John Snow?
English physician who traced the 1854 London cholera outbreak to a contaminated water pump.
Who was Jonas Salk?
American medical researcher who developed the first safe and effective polio vaccine.
Who was Norman Borlaug?
American agricultural scientist known as the 'Father of the Green Revolution,' who developed high-yield crop varieties.
Define high-yield crops.
Varieties of crops (wheat, rice) developed during the Green Revolution to increase food production.
Define mortality rate.
The number of deaths in a given area or period, or from a particular cause.
What were the causes and effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Causes: New energy sources, tech, capital. Effects: Growth of cities, global economy, environmental issues.
What were the causes and effects of the Medical Revolution?
Causes: Advancements in antibiotics, therapies, vaccines. Effects: Lower mortality rates, increased life expectancy.
What were the causes and effects of the Green Revolution?
Causes: High-yield crops, fertilizers, irrigation. Effects: Increased food production, resource depletion, displacement of farmers.
What were the causes and effects of the Irish Potato Famine?
Cause: Potato blight. Effects: Mass starvation, disease, emigration, significant population decline.
What were the causes and effects of the 1854 London cholera outbreak?
Cause: Contaminated water pump. Effect: Improved sanitation, understanding of waterborne diseases.
What were the causes and effects of the development of the polio vaccine?
Cause: Medical research. Effect: Reduced polio incidence worldwide.
What is the cause and effect of Malthus's theory?
Cause: Population grows exponentially, resources grow linearly. Effect: Predicted cataclysmic famine, though not globally accurate.
What were the causes and effects of the development of high-yield crops?
Cause: Agricultural research and technology. Effect: Increased food production and reduced hunger in developing countries.
What were the causes and effects of the growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution?
Causes: Increased economic opportunities, migration from rural areas. Effects: Overcrowding, pollution, social issues.
What is the cause and effect of the development of antibiotics?
Cause: Medical research and innovation. Effect: Reduced mortality rates from bacterial infections.
