All Flashcards
Explain the concept of relocation diffusion.
Culture spreads as people migrate, bringing their customs and traditions to new locations.
Describe the process of expansion diffusion.
An idea or innovation spreads outward from a hearth, affecting an increasing number of people.
What is the key characteristic of contagious diffusion?
Rapid and widespread diffusion through direct contact, like a disease spreading.
How does hierarchical diffusion occur?
Spreads from centers of power or influence to other areas or people.
Explain how stimulus diffusion works.
The underlying principle of an idea spreads, but the specific trait is modified to fit the new context.
What is the significance of the Diffusion S-Curve?
Illustrates the typical adoption rate of a new technology or idea over time, showing innovators, early adopters, majority adopters, and laggards.
What are the potential negative consequences of maladaptive diffusion?
Can lead to environmental damage, resource depletion, or social problems due to the adoption of unsuitable practices.
What role do missionaries play in cultural diffusion?
Missionaries facilitate the spread of religious beliefs and practices to new regions, often through contagious diffusion.
How does globalization affect cultural diffusion?
Globalization accelerates cultural diffusion by increasing interconnectedness and facilitating the exchange of ideas and technologies.
Explain the role of social media in contagious diffusion.
Social media platforms enable the rapid and widespread diffusion of trends, memes, and ideas through person-to-person contact.
What was the cause and effect of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade on cultural diffusion?
Cause: Forced migration of Africans. Effect: Diffusion of African music, cuisine, and architecture to the Americas.
Cause and effect: Jewish migration from Eastern Europe (1881-1914).
Cause: Jewish migration to the UK and US. Effect: Introduction of new cultural traditions and foods.
What's the cause and effect of universalizing religions on cultural diffusion?
Cause: Spread of religions through missionaries. Effect: Widespread adoption of religious beliefs and practices.
Cause and effect: Globalization of social networking.
Cause: Increased access to internet and social media. Effect: Rapid spread of platforms like TikTok and Instagram.
What is the cause and effect of governmental policies on hierarchical diffusion?
Cause: New laws or policies at the federal level. Effect: Spread of these policies to state and local levels.
Cause and effect: Fashion trends in major cities.
Cause: New styles emerging in fashion capitals. Effect: Spread of these styles to other regions.
What is the cause and effect of McDonald's menu variations?
Cause: Adapting to local tastes. Effect: Modified menus in different countries (e.g., McSpicy Paneer in India).
Cause and effect: Grass lawns in arid regions.
Cause: Widespread adoption of grass lawns. Effect: Excessive water use and environmental strain.
Cause and effect: Monoculture crops.
Cause: Cultivation of a single crop over large areas. Effect: Depletion of soil nutrients and increased vulnerability to pests.
Cause and effect: Spread of English language through colonization
Cause: Colonization by English-speaking countries. Effect: Widespread adoption of the English language in colonized regions.
What is Cultural Diffusion?
The spread of cultural traits (ideas, customs, technologies) from one place to another.
Define Relocation Diffusion.
The spread of culture through the physical movement of people from one place to another.
What is Expansion Diffusion?
The spread of a trait from a hearth (source) to other places, with the number of adopters growing.
Define Contagious Diffusion.
The rapid, widespread diffusion of a trait throughout a population by direct contact.
What is Hierarchical Diffusion?
The spread of a trait from a position of power or authority to other people or places.
Define Stimulus Diffusion.
The spread of an underlying idea or principle, even though the specific trait is altered or adapted.
What is Maladaptive Diffusion?
The adoption of traits that are not suitable or beneficial for a particular environment or culture.
Define 'hearth' in the context of diffusion.
The origin or source area of a cultural trait.
What are cultural traits?
Individual components of a culture, such as ideas, customs, or technologies.
Define laggards in the context of the Diffusion S-Curve.
Late adopters of a new technology or idea.