Cause: Technological advancements. Effect: Increased efficiency, higher yields, reduced labor needs.

Cause: Need for consistent crop yields. Effect: Increased yields, expansion of agriculture into drier areas, potential water depletion.

Cause: Understanding seeds, watering, and animal care. Effect: Transition from hunting/gathering to settled agriculture, rise of civilizations.

Cause: Exploration and trade between the Americas and Europe. Effect: Global diffusion of new crops and animals, dietary changes, population growth.

Cause: Desire for higher crop yields and pest control. Effect: Increased yields, environmental pollution, potential health risks.

Cause: Desire for crops with specific traits (e.g., pest resistance). Effect: Increased yields, reduced pesticide use, potential environmental and health concerns.

Cause: Concern for environmental conservation and resource management. Effect: Reduced environmental impact, long-term soil health, potential for lower yields in some cases.

Cause: Need for reliable sources of food, labor, and materials. Effect: Increased food production, development of pastoralism, spread of diseases.

Cause: Need for stable food supply and sedentary lifestyle. Effect: Increased food production, development of agriculture, altered landscapes.

Cause: Population growth, technological advancements, and cultural exchange. Effect: Increased food production, urbanization, environmental changes, and altered social structures.

Increased use of machines like tractors and harvesters to boost efficiency.

Controlling water supply to crops for consistent yields.

Altering crops to have desired traits like pest resistance.

Region between Tigris & Euphrates Rivers; a hearth of the First Agricultural Revolution.

Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the Eastern Hemisphere.

Eco-friendly farming practices to conserve resources.

The origin point of agricultural practices and domestication.

The spread of an idea or innovation from person to person or place to place in a wave-like manner.

Transition from hunting/gathering to farming through understanding seeds, watering, and animal care.

The process of adapting wild plants and animals for human use.

Understanding seeds, watering, and animal care leading to farming.

Spreading of agricultural practices from Central Asia to Europe.

Selecting and cultivating wild plants over time to enhance desired traits.

Taming and breeding wild animals over time to make them suitable for human use.

Developing and adopting new technologies and practices to improve farming efficiency and productivity.

Altering the genetic material of plants to introduce desired traits such as pest resistance or higher yields.

Supplying water to crops through artificial means such as canals, sprinklers, or drip systems.

Adding nutrients to the soil to enhance plant growth and increase crop yields.

Managing and reducing the impact of pests on crops through various methods such as pesticides, biological controls, or integrated pest management.

Planting different crops in a sequence to improve soil health, reduce pest and disease buildup, and increase yields.