All Flashcards
What is the effect of high transportation costs on land use?
Encourages intensive agriculture closer to the market.
What is the effect of distance on agricultural profitability?
Increased distance from market reduces profitability due to transportation costs.
What causes intensive agriculture to locate near the market?
High demand, perishability, and lower transport costs lead to this location.
What causes ranching to locate far from the market?
Requires large amounts of cheap land, animals can be driven to market.
What is the effect of improved transportation technology?
Can alter the zones, allowing some goods to be produced further from the market.
What is the effect of increased demand for dairy products?
Expansion of Zone 1 (intensive agriculture and dairying) closer to the market.
What causes Zone 2 (forest) to be located near the city?
High demand for fuel and building materials when the model was developed.
What is the effect of government subsidies on agriculture?
Can distort the natural pattern of land use predicted by the model.
What causes extensive field crops to locate further from the center?
Can be stored for long periods, lightweight, and cheaper to transport.
What is the effect of a single market assumption?
Simplifies the model but may not reflect real-world conditions with multiple markets.
Define the Von Thunen Model.
Economic model explaining agricultural land use based on transportation costs and market distance.
What is intensive farming?
High-value, perishable goods located closer to the market.
What is extensive farming?
Lower-value, less perishable goods located further from the market.
Define 'market' in the Von Thunen model.
Central city where agricultural goods are sold.
What is meant by 'transportation costs'?
Expenses incurred to move goods from farm to market.
Define 'land use intensity'.
How much effort/investment is put into farming a piece of land.
What are concentric rings in the model?
Represent different agricultural zones around a central market city.
Define 'perishable goods'.
Goods that spoil quickly and need to be transported rapidly.
Define 'non-perishable goods'.
Goods that can be stored for long periods without spoiling.
What is Zone 1 in the model?
Intensive agriculture and dairying closest to the market.
Explain the relationship between distance and profitability.
Closer to the market = higher profit; further = lower profit, due to transport costs.
What determines land use in the Von Thunen model?
Transportation costs and market distance are the primary factors.
What is the core idea behind the Von Thunen Model?
Agricultural activities are spatially arranged based on profitability and transport costs.
How does the model explain agricultural land use?
It predicts land use intensity: more intensive closer to the market, more extensive further away.
Why are perishable goods located close to the market?
To minimize spoilage and reduce transportation costs.
Why are grains located further from the market?
They are less perishable and cheaper to transport.
What role does transportation cost play?
Primary factor determining agricultural activities and their spatial arrangement.
What is the significance of concentric zones?
Model consists of a central city surrounded by four concentric zones.
Explain intensive vs. extensive zones.
Inner zones are more intensive, outer zones are more extensive.
What is the main goal of the Von Thunen model?
To maximize profit by balancing production costs, transportation costs, and market prices.