All Flashcards
What is the effect of increased transportation infrastructure on urban development?
It can lead to the growth of sectors (Hoyt Model) and edge cities (Peripheral Model).
What are the causes and effects of decentralization in cities?
Causes: Car dependency, desire for suburban living. Effects: Growth of edge cities, urban sprawl.
What is the impact of high land values on the CBD?
Concentration of commercial activities and high-rise buildings.
What is the effect of industrial development on residential areas in the Hoyt Sector Model?
Low-income residential areas often locate near industrial zones due to affordability.
What is the impact of social segregation on urban spatial patterns?
It can lead to distinct residential areas based on race, ethnicity, and income, impacting the applicability of city models.
What is the effect of urban planning policies on city development?
Policies can shape the spatial organization of cities, influencing the location of residential, commercial, and industrial areas.
What are the causes and effects of car dependency in suburban areas?
Causes: Lack of public transportation, dispersed development. Effects: Increased traffic congestion, air pollution.
What is the effect of economic globalization on urban areas?
Increased competition, specialization, and the growth of global cities with diverse economic activities.
What is the impact of technological advancements on urban development?
Increased connectivity, remote work, and the growth of information-based industries.
What are the causes and effects of gentrification in urban neighborhoods?
Causes: Increased demand for urban living, investment in infrastructure. Effects: Displacement of low-income residents, rising property values.
Compare the Concentric Zone Model and the Hoyt Sector Model.
Concentric Zone: Circles outward. Hoyt: Wedges along transportation. Hoyt considers transportation; Concentric Zone does not.
Compare the Multiple Nuclei Model and the Peripheral Model.
Multiple Nuclei: Multiple centers within the city. Peripheral: Focuses on edge cities on the outskirts.
Compare the strengths of the Concentric Zone Model and the Multiple Nuclei Model.
Concentric Zone: Simple and easy to understand. Multiple Nuclei: More realistic and accounts for complexity.
Compare the weaknesses of the Hoyt Sector Model and the Peripheral Model.
Hoyt: Simplistic, may not apply to cities with complex topography. Peripheral: Can contribute to urban sprawl.
Compare the applicability of the Concentric Zone Model in the early 20th century versus today.
More applicable in the early 20th century due to simpler urban structures; less applicable today due to increased complexity.
Compare the role of transportation in the Hoyt Sector Model and the Peripheral Model.
Hoyt: Transportation corridors shape sectors. Peripheral: Highways and airports facilitate edge city growth.
Compare the focus of the Multiple Nuclei Model and the Concentric Zone Model regarding the CBD.
Multiple Nuclei: De-emphasizes the CBD. Concentric Zone: CBD is the central focus.
Compare the consideration of social factors in the Hoyt Sector Model and the Concentric Zone Model.
Both models have limitations in considering social factors like racial and ethnic segregation.
Compare the relevance of the Peripheral Model in North America versus Europe.
More relevant in North America due to car-dependent suburban development; less so in Europe with stronger public transport.
Compare the strengths and weaknesses of using city models in urban planning.
Strengths: Analytical tool, informs policy. Weaknesses: Oversimplification, doesn't capture all complexities.
What is the core concept of the Concentric Zone Model?
Cities grow outward from a central business district (CBD) in concentric circles.
What is the key idea behind the Hoyt Sector Model?
Transportation corridors influence urban growth, shaping the city into sectors or wedges.
What is the central idea of the Multiple Nuclei Model?
Cities are complex and polycentric, developing around multiple centers or nuclei.
What is the main focus of the Peripheral Model?
The growth of edge cities on the outskirts of metropolitan areas, driven by decentralization.
Explain the concept of urban morphology.
The study of the form and structure of urban areas, including the arrangement of streets, buildings, and land uses.
What is the Chicago School of thought in urban studies?
A sociological approach that views cities as dynamic and evolving organisms, influencing the Concentric Zone Model.
Explain the concept of bid-rent theory.
A theory that explains how land values vary across an urban area, influencing the location of different activities.
What is the concept of accessibility in urban planning?
The ease with which people can reach various destinations and services within a city.
Explain the concept of urban sprawl.
The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the surrounding countryside, often associated with the Peripheral Model.
What is the idea of 'rank-size rule' in urban geography?
The observation that the population of a city is inversely proportional to its rank in the urban hierarchy.