All Flashcards
What is the 2nd Agricultural Revolution?
Main driver of industrialization, leading to rural to urban migration and population growth.
What is rural to urban migration?
People leaving farms for city jobs during the Industrial Revolution.
What is the relationship between coal and the Industrial Revolution?
Britain's abundant coal reserves were key to powering the Industrial Revolution.
Explain the concept of mass production.
The manufacturing of large quantities of standardized products, often using assembly lines.
Explain the concept of economic development in the context of industrialization.
The process of improving a country's economic well-being through industrial growth and technological advancements.
Explain the concept of cultural exchange in the context of colonialism.
The exchange of ideas, customs, and practices between colonizers and colonized people.
Explain the concept of exploitation in the context of colonialism.
The use of colonized people and their resources for the benefit of the colonial power.
What is the impact of new technologies on society?
New technologies led to increased production, urbanization, and social changes.
What is the relationship between mercantilism and colonialism?
Mercantilism drove colonialism as countries sought raw materials and markets for their goods.
What is the spatial diffusion of industrialization?
The spread of industrialization from Britain to NW Europe and the Americas.
What is the definition of Industrial Revolution?
Shift from handmade goods to machine-made products, starting in the late 18th century.
What is the definition of Ford Process?
Super-efficient way to make things where each worker has a specific job.
What is the definition of Interchangeable Parts?
Parts that can be replaced without replacing the whole product.
What is the definition of Industrialization?
Transformation from agricultural to industrial society using machines to produce goods.
What is the definition of Social Stratification?
How a society is divided into layers based on wealth, power, and prestige.
What is the definition of Population Growth?
The increase in the number of people in a population.
What is the definition of Assembly Line?
A production process where tasks are completed in a specific order to build a product.
What is the definition of Mercantilism?
Economic theory that wealth is tied to gold and silver, promoting exports and limiting imports.
What is the definition of Imperialism?
Extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
What is the definition of Colonialism?
A country seeking to extend its authority over other territories, often by establishing settlements and occupying the land.
Compare mercantilism and capitalism.
Mercantilism: wealth tied to gold/silver, government control. Capitalism: private ownership, free markets.
Compare imperialism and colonialism.
Imperialism: extending power/influence. Colonialism: establishing settlements and occupying land.
Compare rigid and fluid social stratification.
Rigid: caste system, social status fixed. Fluid: social status can change.
Compare subsistence farming and commercial farming.
Subsistence: growing enough for family. Commercial: growing for profit.