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  1. AP Human Geography
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What are the effects of using renewable energy?

Reduces greenhouse gases, decreases reliance on foreign fossil fuels, and is becoming cost-effective.

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What are the effects of using renewable energy?

Reduces greenhouse gases, decreases reliance on foreign fossil fuels, and is becoming cost-effective.

What are the benefits of ecotourism?

Protects natural areas, provides job opportunities, promotes cultural exchange, and raises environmental awareness.

What are the impacts of climate change addressed by the SDGs?

Environmental degradation, increased poverty, and exacerbated inequalities.

What are the effects of unsustainable consumption and production patterns?

Environmental degradation, resource depletion, and increased waste.

What are the effects of deforestation?

Loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, and climate change.

What are the effects of water pollution?

Harm to aquatic ecosystems, human health risks, and reduced access to clean water.

What are the effects of air pollution?

Respiratory problems, climate change, and damage to ecosystems.

What are the effects of soil degradation?

Reduced agricultural productivity, increased erosion, and loss of biodiversity.

What are the effects of overfishing?

Depletion of fish stocks, disruption of marine ecosystems, and economic losses for fishing communities.

What are the effects of urbanization?

Increased resource consumption, pollution, and social inequalities.

What is the concept of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities?

Different countries have different capabilities and responsibilities when tackling global issues.

Explain the concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

17 goals adopted by the UN in 2015 to tackle global challenges like poverty, inequality, and climate change.

What is the significance of the SDGs being 'Integrated and Indivisible'?

The goals are interconnected and can't be achieved in isolation, requiring a holistic approach.

What makes the SDGs 'Universal'?

They are relevant to all countries, both developed and developing, promoting global cooperation.

What does it mean for the SDGs to be 'Action-Oriented'?

Designed to guide global development efforts towards a more sustainable future with concrete steps.

Explain the concept of using Biomass Energy.

Using organic matter like wood, crops, and waste as fuel for energy production.

Explain the concept of Geothermal Energy.

Tapping into the Earth's heat to produce electricity or for heating and cooling.

Explain the concept of Hydroelectric Energy.

Generating power from the movement of water, like in dams.

Explain the concept of Wind Energy.

Using wind turbines to convert wind's kinetic energy into electricity.

Explain the concept of Solar Energy.

Harnessing the sun's power with photovoltaic cells or concentrated solar power systems.

Define Sustainable Development.

Meeting current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own.

What is Intergenerational Equity?

Ensuring future generations have the same opportunities and resources as we do.

What is the Precautionary Principle?

When in doubt, take the safe route to prevent serious harm, even without full scientific proof.

Define Polluter Pays Principle.

Those who create pollution should pay for the cleanup.

What is Resource Efficiency?

Using resources wisely, like switching to renewable energy and reducing waste.

Define Sustainable Agriculture.

Farming in ways that protect soil, conserve water, and minimize harmful chemicals.

What is Conservation?

Protecting natural habitats and biodiversity.

Define Social Equity.

Ensuring everyone has access to basic needs like education and healthcare.

What is Renewable Energy?

Energy from sources that naturally replenish themselves, like the sun, wind, and water.

Define Ecotourism.

Exploring natural areas while minimizing negative impacts and supporting local communities.