All Flashcards
What is the significance of 'Keigo (敬語)' in Japanese culture?
It reflects the importance of politeness and respect for social hierarchy.
How does language reflect gender roles in Japan?
Certain expressions and speech styles are traditionally associated with men and women.
What role does the Emperor ('Tennō') play in Japanese culture?
The Emperor is a symbol of national unity and tradition.
How has pop culture influenced the Japanese language?
Terms from manga and anime, like 'kawaii' and 'otaku', have become common in everyday language.
Why is 'kokugo' important for understanding Japanese identity?
Because it is central to both personal and public identity. It's not just a tool for communication; it's a carrier of culture and a marker of belonging.
How do personal beliefs affect language use in Japan?
The way people speak reflects their values, and their values, in turn, influence their language use.
What is 'Hyoujungo' and why was it established?
The standard dialect spoken around Tokyo, taught in schools, and used in textbooks. It was established in the 1800s after the Meiji Restoration to unify the country.
What is the difference between traditional and modern Japanese culture?
Japanese culture is diverse and dynamic, ranging from traditional practices like kimono and ikebana to modern forms like manga and anime.
How does language influence the behavior of public figures in Japan?
Emphasis on respectful language and social hierarchy shapes how public figures speak and act.
How are attitudes towards gender and language use evolving in contemporary Japanese society?
There is an increasing awareness of gender equality, with some viewing traditional differences as a richness of the language, while others see them as undesirable.
What is the significance of learning kanji?
Kanji is essential for reading and understanding written Japanese, and students learn a certain number each year starting in first grade.
What is the meaning of 'Nihongo (日本語)'?
Japanese language
What is the meaning of 'Kokugo (国語)'?
Japanese as a national language
What is the meaning of 'Hyōjungo (標準語)'?
The standard Japanese dialect spoken around Tokyo
What is the meaning of 'Keigo (敬語)'?
Honorific or polite language
What is the meaning of 'Hōgen (方言)'?
Regional dialect
What is the meaning of 'Kanji (漢字)'?
Japanese alphabet consisting of characters derived from pictograms
What is the meaning of 'Katakana (カタカナ)'?
Phonetic alphabet used for foreign words
What is the meaning of 'On yomi (音読み)'?
The Chinese-derived reading of a kanji character
What is the meaning of 'Kun yomi (くん読み)'?
The native Japanese reading of a kanji character
What is the meaning of 'Tennō (天皇)'?
The Emperor of Japan
What is the meaning of 'Ki (木)'?
Tree
What is the meaning of 'Hayashi (林)'?
Forest
What is the meaning of 'Shogakkō (小学校)'?
Elementary school
What is the meaning of 'Kotoba (言葉)'?
Word
What is the meaning of 'Gengo (言語)'?
Language
What is the significance of regional dialects in Italy?
They reflect the unique identity and culture of a specific region.
What is the significance of Augustus Caesar?
He transformed Rome from a republic to an empire, restored peace, and reshaped Roman life.
What is the significance of the Po River?
It dominates Northern Italy and is a major agricultural area.
What is a key characteristic of Central Italy?
Characterized by hills, mountains, and fertile plains with high agricultural productivity.
What is a key characteristic of Southern Italy?
Known for its natural beauty, sandy beaches, and archaeological sites, but has less industrial output.
What is the significance of Mount Vesuvius?
The volcano that destroyed Pompeii, located in Southern Italy.
What is the significance of the year 1861 in Italian history?
The Kingdom of Italy was established.
What is the significance of the year 1946 in Italian history?
The Italian Republic was established after general elections.
How many indigenous dialects are there in Italy?
There are 28 indigenous dialects in Italy.
What is the relationship between language and culture?
Interactions with language are interactions with culture.