Economic Indicators and the Business Cycle
Which of the following is a component of the circular flow model?
Households
Firms
Resource Market
Product Market
All of the above
What does Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measure?
The total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.
The total value of all goods and services consumed by households.
The total value of all exports minus imports.
The total value of all government spending.
Using the expenditure approach, calculate GDP given the following values: Consumption (C) = 200, Government Spending (G) = 50, Imports (M) = $30.
$720
$880
$820
$800
A company produces 1.5 million. The car manufacturer uses the steel to produce cars, which are then sold for $3 million. How does this affect GDP?
GDP increases by $5.5 million.
GDP increases by $3 million.
GDP increases by $1 million.
GDP increases by $1.5 million.
Which of the following best describes Nominal GDP?
GDP adjusted for inflation.
GDP measured in constant prices.
GDP measured in current prices.
GDP that only includes consumer spending.
If Nominal GDP is $20 trillion and the GDP deflator is 125, what is Real GDP?
$16 trillion
$25 trillion
$15 trillion
$10 trillion
Why is real GDP a better measure of economic growth than nominal GDP?
Because real GDP includes government spending, while nominal GDP does not.
Because real GDP adjusts for inflation, providing a more accurate picture of economic growth.
Because nominal GDP is more difficult to calculate.
Because real GDP is always higher than nominal GDP.

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What is inflation?
A decrease in the overall price level.
A general increase in prices over time.
A measure of unemployment.
A measure of GDP growth.
The CPI in Year 1 was 200, and the CPI in Year 2 was 210. What is the inflation rate between Year 1 and Year 2?
10%
5%
2%
21%
Which phase of the business cycle represents the highest point of economic activity?
Trough
Expansion
Contraction
Peak