National Income and Price Determination
During an economic expansion, what fiscal policy action should the government take?
Selling government bonds
Increasing government spending
Decreasing taxes
Increasing interest rates
What is the primary tool used in fiscal policy to combat recession?
Increasing government spending
Decreasing money supply
Selling government securities
Raising interest rates
What long-term impact might tight monetary policy have if sustained over several years beyond controlling high levels of inflations?
Reduced government deficits as social welfare payments decrease due to fewer people claiming benefits in times of low inflation.
Ramped up consumer expenditure as individuals save money from the lower priced goods caused by controlled inflations.
Decreased export competitiveness as domestic currency appreciates because of higher interest rates attracting foreign capital.
Increased productivity growth due to businesses focusing on cost-saving technologies during periods of constrained credit conditions.
During a period of high government debt, which fiscal policy action should the government prioritize?
Increasing taxes
Increasing government spending
Decreasing taxes
Decreasing government spending
What would be a likely consequence of a contractionary fiscal policy implemented when an economy is at full employment?
It may lead to decreased inflation rates but also result in lower economic growth.
It may produce an immediate surge in exports due to improved terms of trade from currency valuation changes.
It might stimulate increased investment and consumer spending due to lowered interest rates.
It could cause a negative inflation rate or deflation while boosting economic growth significantly.
If the economy is in a severe recession, what fiscal policy action would be most effective in stimulating economic activity?
Decreasing taxes
Decreasing government spending
Increasing government spending
Increasing taxes
If a central bank sets higher than expected interest rates for a longer period than the market had anticipated, what is the likely outcome for economic growth in the next few years?
Accelerated economic growth because of foreign investors being drawn to higher yields on their investments.
Unchanged economic growth as domestic consumers and businesses adapt to different financing strategies.
Stable economic growth as supply-side factors make up for the lack of stimulus from low interest rates.
Lowered economic growth due to constrained borrowing and spending patterns.

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A budget deficit occurs when a government's:
Revenues exceed its expenditures.
Interest rates surpass its growth rate.
Money supply exceeds its reserves.
Expenditures exceed its revenues.
Contractionary fiscal policy may involve which of the following actions?
Increasing taxes
Decreasing interest rates
Buying government securities
Increasing transfer payments
Which of these would be considered an expansionary fiscal policy?
An increase in reserve requirements
Reduction in unemployment benefits
A tax cut for middle-income families
A sale of bonds by the central bank
