Long–Run Consequences of Stabilization Policies
Which factor is primarily responsible for causing structural unemployment?
Seasonal changes in industries
Technological changes outpacing workers' skills
Decreases in aggregate demand
Frictional job turnover
Which of these is considered a measure of poverty?
Inflation rate
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Unemployment rate
The poverty line/threshold
In the context of Laffer Curve theory, what might happen if the government were to significantly increase income tax rates beyond a certain point?
Decreased budget deficit due to higher efficiency in revenue collection.
Greater equality in wealth distribution through diminished people's ability to save and invest.
Lower total tax revenue due to decreased incentives to work and invest.
Sustained long-term economic growth owing to enhanced government spending capacity.
If technological advancement leads to products being produced more efficiently, what is the likely long-term impact on the price level for those products?
Increased prices due to innovation costs
Decrease
Increases prices from product scarcity
No change as efficiency offsets demand increases
How would a central bank most likely respond to an unanticipated period of rapid economic growth that may lead to high inflation?
Buy government securities on the open market.
Increase money supply.
Raise interest rates.
Decrease reserve requirements for banks.
What type of public policy promotes economic growth by encouraging innovation?
Increasing employment
Increase in education spending
Policies that spur innovation
Increase in infrastructure spending
What do supply-side economists believe is the key to increasing real GDP without high inflation?
Shifting the aggregate demand curve to the right
Shifting the aggregate supply curve to the right
Shifting the aggregate demand curve to the left
Shifting the aggregate supply curve to the left

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How would an unexpected rapid growth in domestic inflation rates most likely affect a nation's exchange rate and trade balance?
The currency appreciates and the trade balance worsens as imports become more attractive.
The currency depreciates and the trade balance initially worsens before potentially improving with time.
The currency appreciates and the trade balance remains constant due to price stickiness.
The currency depreciates but the trade balance improves because of increased export competitiveness.
What is the impact of supply-side economic policies on the productive capacity and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS)?
They increase the productive capacity and shift the LRAS to the right
They decrease the productive capacity and shift the LRAS to the left
They primarily affect short-run aggregate supply (SRAS)
They have no impact on the productive capacity and LRAS
Which fiscal policy action could potentially lead to a lower national savings rate and increased interest rates over time?
Implementing a significant deficit-financed public works program.
Increasing personal income taxes while maintaining current expenditure levels.
Cutting unnecessary governmental expenditures without changing tax policies.
Reducing corporate tax rates with balanced-budget provisions.