Production, Cost, and the Perfect Competition Model
What is the outcome for a firm's producer surplus when the price is above the variable cost in a perfectly competitive market?
The firm's producer surplus remains unchanged.
The firm's producer surplus becomes zero.
The firm experiences a positive producer surplus.
The firm's producer surplus decreases.
What happens when a monopoly increases its output beyond the level where marginal revenue equals marginal cost?
Producer surplus rises substantially due to increased sales volume outweighing minor price reductions per unit sold.
The firm's total profit decreases because it sells additional units at a lower price than their marginal cost of production.
Consumer surplus increases significantly as more consumers can now afford the product at lower prices.
Total revenue remains unchanged while costs increase slightly resulting in small changes in overall profit.
Which scenario accurately reflects an example of opportunity cost for a firm making long-run decisions?
Choosing between investing in new technology or expanding its product line.
Comparing different suppliers' prices before placing an order for materials.
Negotiating lower interest rates on loans with their bank.
Calculating total revenue from last year's sales figures.
In the long run, if new firms enter a perfectly competitive market due to existing firms earning economic profits, what will happen to those profits over time?
Economic profits will remain constant at their current level.
Economic profits will decrease until they reach zero.
Economic profits will first increase then decrease below zero leading to losses.
Economic profits will increase as more consumers are attracted to the market.
According to the shutdown rule, a firm should continue to operate as long as the price is?
Equal to the total fixed cost (TFC).
Equal to or above the average variable cost (AVC).
Equal to the average total cost (ATC).
Equal to the marginal cost (MC).
What does the economic principle of scarcity imply for businesses when deciding how much to produce?
Unlimited wants
Infinite supplies
Limited resources
Constant costs
In which scenario would a firm exit a perfectly competitive industry in the long run?
When it cannot cover its average total costs in the long term.
If there is perfect information about technology improvements only.
As soon as new entrants join and start competing in the same market.
When facing increased competition leading to decreased sales volume alone.

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What happens to a firm's producer surplus when the price is less than the variable cost in a perfectly competitive market?
The firm experiences a negative producer surplus.
The firm's producer surplus remains unchanged.
The firm's producer surplus increases.
The firm's producer surplus becomes zero.
A firm operating in which market structure is able to set its own prices because it does not face direct competition from other sellers?
Oligopoly
Pure Monopoly
Monopolistic Competition
Perfect Competition
If a perfectly competitive firm is producing at the output level where and , what will be the likely long-run adjustment in this market?
The government will intervene to impose price floors to maintain high producer surplus.
Existing firms will decrease production to drive up prices and increase profits.
Firms will exit the market due to lack of economic profits.
New firms will enter the market, increasing supply and driving down price.