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What is a major scale?
A diatonic scale with a characteristic pattern of whole and half steps, typically sounding bright and cheerful.
What is a diatonic scale?
A scale containing only notes belonging to the key without chromatic alterations.
What is an octave?
The interval between two notes with the same letter name, one being twice the frequency of the other.
Define 'diatonic'.
A note that is part of the major scale.
Define 'chromatic'.
A note that is not part of the major scale.
What is the tonic?
The first degree of the scale, the home base and most stable note.
What is the dominant?
The fifth degree of the scale, creating tension and a desire to return to the tonic.
What is the leading tone?
The seventh degree of the scale, a half step below the tonic, creating a strong pull towards it.
What is a key signature?
Sharps or flats at the beginning of a staff indicating the key of a piece.
What is the circle of fifths?
A visual tool showing relationships between major keys, helping to remember sharps/flats in each key.
Write the key signature for G Major.
F# on the top line of the treble clef.
Write the key signature for F Major.
Bb on the middle line of the treble clef.
Write the key signature for D Major.
F# and C# on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for Bb Major.
Bb and Eb on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for A Major.
F#, C#, and G# on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for Eb Major.
Bb, Eb, and Ab on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for E Major.
F#, C#, G#, and D# on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for Ab Major.
Bb, Eb, Ab, and Db on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for B Major.
F#, C#, G#, D#, and A# on the treble clef.
Write the key signature for Db Major.
Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, and Gb on the treble clef.
What does a sharp (#) do to a note?
Raises the pitch by a half step.
What does a flat (♭) do to a note?
Lowers the pitch by a half step.
What is the order of sharps in a key signature?
F#, C#, G#, D#, A#, E#, B#
What is the order of flats in a key signature?
Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb, Cb, Fb
How do you determine the key from a sharp key signature?
The last sharp is a half step below the tonic.
How do you determine the key from a flat key signature?
The second to last flat is the tonic.
How many sharps are in the key of A Major?
3 (F#, C#, G#)
How many flats are in the key of Eb Major?
3 (Bb, Eb, Ab)
What is the key signature for G Major?
One sharp (F#)
What is the key signature for F Major?
One flat (Bb)