All Flashcards
What is a natural minor scale?
A minor scale with the pattern Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Half-Whole-Whole.
What is a harmonic minor scale?
A natural minor scale with a raised 7th degree.
What is a melodic minor scale?
Ascending: raised 6th and 7th. Descending: Same as natural minor.
Define relative keys.
Keys sharing the same key signature but different tonics, a minor third apart.
Define parallel keys.
Keys sharing the same tonic but different modes (major/minor).
Define chromatic scale.
A scale with 12 pitches, all a half step apart.
What is a whole-tone scale?
A scale with all whole steps, containing 6 notes.
Define minor pentatonic scale.
1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th of a natural minor scale.
Define major pentatonic scale.
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and 6th of a major scale.
What is timbre?
The unique sound quality of an instrument or voice.
Define monophony.
One single melody.
Define homophony.
Melody with accompaniment.
Define polyphony.
Multiple independent melodies at once.
What is syncopation?
Accents on off-beats.
What are polyrhythms?
Conflicting rhythms played simultaneously.
What are the notes in an A natural minor scale?
A, B, C, D, E, F, G
What are the notes in an A harmonic minor scale?
A, B, C, D, E, F, G#
What are the notes in an A melodic minor scale ascending?
A, B, C, D, E, F#, G#
What are the notes in an A melodic minor scale descending?
A, G, F, E, D, C, B
What notes are in a C major pentatonic scale?
C, D, E, G, A
What notes are in an A minor pentatonic scale?
A, C, D, E, G
What notes are in a D natural minor scale?
D, E, F, G, A, Bb, C
What notes are in a D harmonic minor scale?
D, E, F, G, A, Bb, C#
What notes are in a D melodic minor scale ascending?
D, E, F, G, A, B, C#
What notes are in a D melodic minor scale descending?
D, C, Bb, A, G, F, E
What is a natural minor scale?
A minor scale with the pattern Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Half-Whole-Whole, or a major scale with lowered 3rd, 6th, and 7th degrees.
What is a harmonic minor scale?
A natural minor scale with a raised 7th degree.
What is a melodic minor scale?
A minor scale with raised 6th and 7th ascending, and the same as natural minor descending.
Define relative keys.
Keys that share the same key signature but have different tonics, a minor third apart.
Define parallel keys.
Keys that share the same tonic but have different modes (major/minor).
Define closely related keys.
Keys that share many pitches and chord progressions, located next to each other on the circle of fifths.
Define distantly related keys.
Keys that don't share many chords, used for contrast and tension.
What is a chromatic scale?
A scale with 12 pitches, all a half step apart.
What is a whole tone scale?
A scale with all whole steps, containing 6 notes.
What is a pentatonic scale?
A five-note scale. Can be major (1, 2, 3, 5, 6 of major) or minor (1, 3, 4, 5, 7 of natural minor).
Define timbre.
The unique sound quality of an instrument or voice.
Define conjunct motion.
Stepwise melodic movement.
Define disjunct motion.
Melodic movement with leaps and skips.
Define monophony.
A musical texture consisting of one single melody.
Define homophony.
A musical texture consisting of a melody with accompaniment.
Define polyphony.
A musical texture consisting of multiple independent melodies at once.
What is syncopation?
Accents on off-beats.
What are polyrhythms?
Conflicting rhythms played simultaneously.
What is hemiola?
The feeling of a shift in meter.