All Flashcards
What does an uppercase Roman numeral represent?
A major chord.
What does a lowercase Roman numeral represent?
A minor chord.
What does the '°' symbol next to a Roman numeral signify?
A diminished chord.
What is the function of the V chord?
Dominant; creates tension and leads to the tonic.
What is the function of the IV chord?
Subdominant; often precedes the dominant.
What is the function of the I chord?
Tonic; provides stability and resolution.
What is the function of the ii chord?
Supertonic; often progresses to V.
What is the function of the vi chord?
Submediant; can substitute for the tonic.
Describe the harmonic function of I-V.
Creates stability, then tension, resolving back to stability.
Describe the harmonic function of I-IV-V.
Establishes tonic, moves to subdominant for color, then creates strong pull to tonic.
In C Major, what is the Roman numeral analysis of D minor?
ii
In A minor, what is the Roman numeral analysis of C Major?
III
What is the function of the vii° chord?
Leading tone; strong tendency to resolve to the tonic.
In a major key, what is the quality of the I chord?
Major.
In a major key, what is the quality of the IV chord?
Major.
In a major key, what is the quality of the V chord?
Major.
In a major key, what is the quality of the ii chord?
minor.
In a major key, what is the quality of the iii chord?
minor.
In a major key, what is the quality of the vi chord?
minor.
In a major key, what is the quality of the vii chord?
diminished.
In a minor key, what is the quality of the i chord?
minor.
In a minor key (harmonic), what is the quality of the V chord?
Major.
In a minor key, what is the quality of the iv chord?
minor.
In a minor key, what is the quality of the III chord?
Major.
In a minor key, what is the quality of the VI chord?
Major.
In a minor key, what is the quality of the ii chord?
diminished.
In a minor key, what is the quality of the vii chord?
diminished.