All Flashcards
What is a chordal seventh?
The note a seventh above the root of a chord.
What is a tendency tone?
A note that has a strong pull towards resolution, like the chordal seventh or leading tone.
Define dissonance in music.
A combination of notes that sounds unstable and creates a need for resolution.
What does 'resolution' mean in harmony?
The movement from a dissonant chord to a consonant chord.
Define parallel octaves.
Two voices moving in parallel motion, separated by an octave.
Define parallel fifths.
Two voices moving in parallel motion, separated by a perfect fifth.
What is an uncharacteristic leap?
A leap that is not commonly used in voice leading, such as an augmented second or a leap larger than a fifth.
What is a suspension?
A note from a previous chord that is held over into the next chord, creating dissonance.
Define overlapping voices.
When one voice moves higher than the previous note of a higher voice, or lower than the previous note of a lower voice.
What are hidden octaves?
Outer voices leap in the same direction to an octave.
What is the function of a V7-I progression?
Dominant-tonic, creates strong cadence.
What is the function of a V7-vi progression?
Deceptive cadence.
How does the chordal seventh typically resolve in a V7-I progression?
Down by step.
What is the harmonic function of I-V4/3-I6?
Prolongs tonic with dominant in inversion.
What is the typical resolution of a V4/3 chord?
Resolves to I6
What is the typical resolution of a vii°7 chord?
Resolves to I
What is the function of a vii°7-I progression?
Leading-tone to tonic, strong cadence.
What is the function of a IV-V7-I progression?
Predominant-dominant-tonic, creates strong cadence.
How does the chordal seventh typically resolve in a V7-vi progression?
Down by step.
What is the function of a V7/V?
Secondary dominant, leads to the dominant.
What is the function of V7 chord?
Dominant function, creates strong pull to tonic.
What is the typical resolution of a V7?
Resolves to I (or i).
Which chord tone is typically omitted in a V7?
The fifth.
What is the doubling in a V7 chord when the 5th is omitted?
Double the root.
What scale degree is the chordal seventh in a V7 chord?
The fourth scale degree.
What is the Roman numeral for a dominant seventh chord?
V7
What is the Roman numeral for a diminished seventh chord?
vii°7
What is the Roman numeral for a major seventh chord?
IM7
What is the Roman numeral for a minor seventh chord?
im7
What is the Roman numeral for a half-diminished seventh chord?
viiø7