Glossary
Ascending Sequence
A type of harmonic sequence where each repetition of the chord pattern moves up by some interval.
Example:
To build excitement in a video game soundtrack, a composer might employ an ascending sequence, making the music feel like it's climbing.
Descending Fifths/Ascending Fourths Equivalence
The principle that a harmonic sequence descending by fifths is the same as one ascending by fourths.
Example:
An analyst might identify a progression as a Descending Fifths/Ascending Fourths Equivalence when the roots move down by a fifth, but the overall melodic contour suggests an upward motion.
Descending Sequence
A type of harmonic sequence where each repetition of the chord pattern moves down by some interval.
Example:
A classical piece might feature a descending sequence to create a sense of calm or resolution, like water flowing downwards.
Descending Thirds/Ascending Sixths Equivalence
The principle that a harmonic sequence descending by thirds is the same as one ascending by sixths.
Example:
When a bass line moves down by thirds, but the upper voices create an overall upward feel, it's an example of Descending Thirds/Ascending Sixths Equivalence.
Fonte
A descending harmonic sequence that functions to create a sense of resolution and stability, often used to decrease tension.
Example:
After a dramatic section, a Fonte sequence can provide a soothing descent, bringing the listener back to a state of calm.
Harmonic Sequence
A pattern of chords repeated at different pitch levels, transposed up or down by some interval, usually preserving relative motion and voice leading.
Example:
A composer might use a harmonic sequence to develop a musical idea, repeating a chord progression higher and higher to build intensity.
Monte
An ascending harmonic sequence that functions to build tension, often leading to a climax, characterized by ascending melodies and increasing complexity.
Example:
The thrilling climax of a symphony often features a Monte sequence, pushing the music higher and higher.
Ponte
A harmonic sequence that is neither ascending nor descending, typically found in the dominant section, increasing tension by delaying a cadence.
Example:
In a jazz improvisation, a musician might use a Ponte to suspend the harmonic motion, building anticipation before resolving to the tonic.
Voice Leading
The way individual melodic lines within a chord progression move, which is usually kept consistent throughout a harmonic sequence.
Example:
Careful voice leading ensures that each instrument's part in an ensemble moves smoothly, avoiding parallel octaves or fifths.