Triads and Seventh Chords
In Romantic-era compositions, how might a composer extend the tension before resolving to the tonic chord?
By using diminished seventh chords for heightened dissonance.
Repeatedly returning to the dominant seventh without variation.
Utilizing only primary triads to maintain harmonic simplicity.
Avoiding dissonance altogether for a more straightforward harmonic structure.
Which type of seventh chord is typically used to modulate from a minor key to its relative major?
Half-diminished seventh chord
Fully diminished seventh chord
Minor seventh chord
Major seventh chord
If an E fully-diminished seventh chord is added to a progression in A minor, what function does it typically serve within common-practice tonality?
Submediant creation of temporary tonicization
Leading-tone chord resolving to Am
Modal interchange substitution for stability
Supertonic chord leading to subdominant harmony
In jazz harmony, what is one possible result when substituting iii for I following II-V-I progression?
Avoiding overly complex substitutions simplifying harmonic structure.
Immediate key change introducing novel modulatory sequence.
Establishment of relative minor as new temporary tonic.
Extended sense of tension awaiting final resolution.
In jazz harmony’s use of extended chords based on stacked thirds beyond sevenths (9th/11th/13th chords), which alteration commonly applied can result from raising both notes involved in forming an avoided interval?
Lowered thirteenth avoids M6 with octave giving mixolydian flatness despite unavailable root.
Raised ninth avoids m7 with octave providing altered tension without resolution need.
Flat ninth avoids m7 with major second offering phrygian flavor without stability compromise.
Sharpened eleventh avoids P4 with major third while adding lydian color.
What quality of sevenths does an E Major key naturally contain at its V^7 position without any accidentals?
Half-Diminished Sevenths
Diminished Sevenths
Minor Sevenths
Dominant Sevenths
How does adding a seventh to a V chord in minor keys typically affect its function?
Increases its tendency to resolve to I due to dissonance.
Changes it from a leading-tone chord to a submediant.
Transforms it into an unrelated pivot chord for modulation.
Diminishes harmonic tension between V and I chords.

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How would a performer correctly interpret the resolution of a French augmented sixth chord in the key of D minor to enhance musicality, considering its pre-dominant function?
Keep the F constant and only move from A# to B flat when transitioning into G minor.
Resolve the A# to B natural and raise the F to F# before resolving to G major.
Sustain the A# as a pedal point throughout the resolution to G major, maintaining tension.
Lower the C# to C natural and resolve directly into a D minor chord without alteration.
What type of seventh chord would be most appropriate for introducing ambiguity and avoiding immediate resolution in Impressionist music?
An Italian augmented sixth chord resolving directly into another augmented structure.
A fully diminished seventh chord constructed from two stacked tritones.
A half-diminished seventh chord on leading tone scale degree VII in minor mode.
A major-minor seventh chord built on the submediant scale degree VI in major mode.
When looking at a fully-diminished seven chord, what type of interval exists from its root to its diminished seven?
Perfect fifths
Diminished sevenths
Major sevenths
Perfect unisons