All Flashcards
What are the key differences between a pendulum's motion and a mass-spring system in SHM?
Pendulum: Restoring force is a torque, SHM is an approximation for small angles. | Mass-Spring: Restoring force is linear (Hooke's Law), SHM is more accurate.
Differentiate between period and frequency in SHM.
Period: Time for one oscillation. | Frequency: Number of oscillations per second.
Compare potential and kinetic energy in SHM.
Potential Energy: Maximum at maximum displacement, zero at equilibrium. | Kinetic Energy: Zero at maximum displacement, maximum at equilibrium.
What happens when an object is displaced from equilibrium in SHM?
The restoring force pushes or pulls it back towards the equilibrium position.
What is the effect of increasing the displacement from equilibrium on the restoring force?
The restoring force increases linearly.
What happens to the total mechanical energy in SHM?
The total mechanical energy (potential + kinetic) is conserved; energy is constantly exchanged between potential and kinetic forms.
What happens if the mass in a mass-spring system is doubled?
The period of oscillation increases by a factor of .
What happens if the length of a pendulum is quadrupled?
The period of oscillation is doubled.
What is the effect of increasing the spring constant (k) in a mass-spring system?
It increases the restoring force for a given displacement, leading to a higher frequency and shorter period of oscillation.
What happens when a pendulum's angular displacement is large?
The motion is no longer accurately described by SHM, as the restoring torque is no longer proportional to the angular displacement.
What is the effect of increasing the mass on a spring in SHM?
Increasing the mass increases the period of oscillation, making the oscillations slower.
What is the effect of displacement from equilibrium in SHM?
A restoring force is generated, causing the object to accelerate back towards the equilibrium position.
What happens to the energy in SHM?
Energy is constantly exchanged between potential and kinetic energy during the oscillation.