All Flashcards
What is the effect of increasing the spring constant (k) in a mass-spring system?
It increases the restoring force for a given displacement, leading to a higher frequency and shorter period of oscillation.
What happens when a pendulum's angular displacement is large?
The motion is no longer accurately described by SHM, as the restoring torque is no longer proportional to the angular displacement.
What is the effect of increasing the mass on a spring in SHM?
Increasing the mass increases the period of oscillation, making the oscillations slower.
What is the effect of displacement from equilibrium in SHM?
A restoring force is generated, causing the object to accelerate back towards the equilibrium position.
What happens to the energy in SHM?
Energy is constantly exchanged between potential and kinetic energy during the oscillation.
How do you apply Newton's Second Law to SHM?
- State Newton's Second Law: . 2. Substitute the restoring force: . 3. Rearrange the equation: .
Describe the energy transformation in SHM.
- At maximum displacement, all energy is potential. 2. As the object moves towards equilibrium, potential energy converts to kinetic energy. 3. At equilibrium, all energy is kinetic. 4. As the object moves past equilibrium, kinetic energy converts back to potential energy.
What is Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)?
A special type of periodic motion where an object moves back and forth repeatedly around a central equilibrium point due to a restoring force.
Define 'restoring force' in the context of SHM.
A force that always points towards the equilibrium position, pulling the object back to its center.
What is the 'equilibrium position' in SHM?
The position where the net force on the object is zero, resulting in zero acceleration.
Define 'amplitude' in the context of SHM.
The maximum displacement of the object from its equilibrium position during oscillation.
What is the 'period' (T) of SHM?
The time required for one complete oscillation or cycle of the motion.
What is the 'frequency' (f) of SHM?
The number of oscillations per unit of time, usually measured in Hertz (Hz).