Force and Translational Dynamics
Two objects, A and B, have masses of 2 kg and 3 kg, respectively. They are initially at rest. An external force of 10 N is applied to object A. Calculate the change in the center of mass velocity of the two-object system after 2 seconds, assuming no other external forces act on the system.
2 m/s
4 m/s
6 m/s
8 m/s
A person jumps off a boat. Identify all action-reaction pairs involved in this scenario.
The force of the person pushing on the boat and the force of the boat pushing back on the person.
The force of the person pushing on the water and the force of gravity pulling the person down.
The force of the boat displacing water and the buoyant force of the water.
All of the above.
A block rests on a table. Which of the following is the action-reaction pair described by Newton's Third Law?
The weight of the block and the normal force exerted by the table on the block.
The weight of the block and the force exerted by the block on the Earth.
The normal force exerted by the table on the block and the force exerted by the block on the table.
The force exerted by the block on the table and the force exerted by the Earth on the block.
What is the difference between internal and external forces in a system, and how do they affect the center of mass?
Internal forces are exerted by objects outside the system and can change the motion of the center of mass; external forces are exerted by objects within the system and cannot.
Internal forces are exerted by objects within the system and cannot change the motion of the center of mass; external forces are exerted by objects outside the system and can.
Internal and external forces are the same, and both can change the motion of the center of mass.
Internal and external forces are the same, and neither can change the motion of the center of mass.
Two masses are connected by an ideal string over an ideal pulley. If mass is greater than mass , what is the tension in the string?
A heavy rope hangs vertically. How does the tension vary along the length of the rope?
The tension is uniform throughout the rope.
The tension is greater at the bottom of the rope.
The tension is greater at the top of the rope.
The tension is zero at the top of the rope.
A student pushes against a wall. What is the reaction force according to Newton's Third Law?
The force of the student's feet on the floor.
The force of the wall pushing back on the student.
The force of gravity acting on the student.
The force of the Earth pulling the wall towards it.

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Two carts collide on a track. Friction acts as an external force on the system of two carts. How does this external force affect the motion of the center of mass of the system?
The friction force will not affect the motion of the center of mass.
The friction force will cause the center of mass to accelerate.
The friction force will cause the center of mass to move at a constant velocity.
The friction force will cause the center of mass to stop immediately.
A weight is hung from an ideal string. What can be said about the tension at both ends of the string?
The tension is greater at the top end of the string.
The tension is greater at the bottom end of the string.
The tension is the same at both ends of the string.
The tension is zero at both ends of the string.