The balance point of an object or system; the average location of all the mass.

When an object is only under the influence of gravity.

When an object is launched into the air and is only affected by gravity.

Launches at an angle that include both a horizontal and vertical component of initial velocity.

The horizontal and vertical parts of a vector.

It causes the object to accelerate downwards at approximately $9.8 m/s^2$.

It causes linear acceleration without rotation.

The vertical velocity becomes zero.

The range increases until an angle of 45 degrees, then decreases.

The horizontal velocity remains constant.

Horizontal motion: constant speed (no acceleration). Vertical motion: affected by gravity (constant downward acceleration).

Linear function: a straight line, represented by y = mx + b. Non-linear function: anything that isn't a straight line; often approximated with a tangent line.

$V_o$: initial velocity. $V_f$: final velocity.

Horizontal motion: $\Delta x = V_xt$. Vertical motion: $y = V_{oy}t + \frac{1}{2} gt^2$, $V_{fy} = V_{oy} + gt$, $V_{fy}^2 = V_{oy}^2 + 2gy$.

Displacement: change in position. Distance: total length traveled.