All Flashcards
What is the effect of applying a force over a time interval?
It causes a change in momentum, known as impulse.
What happens when a net external force acts on a system?
The total momentum of the system changes.
What happens during an inelastic collision?
Kinetic energy is not conserved; some energy is converted to other forms like heat or sound.
What is the effect of an impulse on an object?
The object's momentum changes.
What happens when objects stick together after a collision?
The collision is inelastic, and kinetic energy is not conserved.
What are the differences between elastic and inelastic collisions?
Elastic: Kinetic energy is conserved, objects bounce off each other. Inelastic: Kinetic energy is not conserved, some energy is lost, objects may stick together.
What are the differences between open and closed systems?
Closed System: No exchange of matter/energy, momentum conserved. Open System: Exchange of matter/energy possible, momentum may not be conserved.
What is the difference between momentum and kinetic energy?
Momentum: measure of mass in motion (vector). Kinetic Energy: energy of motion (scalar).
Define momentum.
Momentum is a measure of how much 'oomph' an object has when it's moving; its resistance to changes in motion.
What is the formula for momentum?
, where = momentum, = mass, and = velocity.
Define impulse.
Impulse is the change in an object's momentum caused by a force acting over a period of time.
What is the formula for impulse?
, where = impulse, = change in momentum, = force, and = time interval.
What is a closed system?
A closed system is one where no matter or energy is exchanged with the surroundings; total momentum remains constant.
What is an open system?
An open system is one where matter or energy can be exchanged with the surroundings; total momentum may not be constant.