All Flashcards
What are the steps to convert Celsius to Kelvin?
Add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature:
Outline the steps to solve for pressure using the Ideal Gas Law.
- Identify known variables (n, R, T, V). 2. Ensure units are consistent. 3. Rearrange the formula to solve for P: . 4. Plug in the values and calculate.
What are the steps to use the combined gas law?
- Identify initial and final conditions (P1, V1, T1, P2, V2, T2). 2. Ensure units are consistent. 3. Apply the formula: . 4. Solve for the unknown variable.
What are the steps to calculate the number of moles (n) using the ideal gas law?
- Identify known variables (P, V, R, T). 2. Ensure units are consistent. 3. Rearrange the formula to solve for n: . 4. Plug in the values and calculate.
What are the steps to calculate the final volume (V2) of a gas using the combined gas law?
- Identify initial and final conditions (P1, V1, T1, P2, T2). 2. Ensure units are consistent. 3. Apply the formula: . 4. Rearrange to solve for V2: . 5. Plug in the values and calculate.
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas in a closed container (constant volume)?
The pressure of the gas increases.
What is the effect of decreasing the volume of a gas at constant temperature?
The pressure of the gas increases (Boyle's Law).
What is the effect of increasing the number of moles of gas in a container at constant volume and temperature?
The pressure of the gas increases.
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas in a container with a movable piston (constant pressure)?
The volume of the gas increases (Charles' Law).
What happens when a real gas is compressed to a very high pressure?
It deviates significantly from ideal gas behavior due to increased intermolecular forces and non-negligible particle volume.
Define 'Ideal Gas'.
A theoretical gas that perfectly obeys the ideal gas law, with particles having negligible volume, no intermolecular forces, and undergoing elastic collisions.
What is 'Pressure (P)' in the context of the Ideal Gas Law?
The force exerted per unit area by the gas on the walls of its container, usually measured in Pascals (Pa) or atmospheres (atm).
Define 'Volume (V)' in the Ideal Gas Law.
The amount of space occupied by the gas, typically measured in cubic meters (m³) or liters (L).
What is 'Temperature (T)' in the Ideal Gas Law?
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the gas particles, always measured in Kelvin (K).
Define 'Absolute Zero'.
The theoretical temperature at which an ideal gas would have zero pressure and minimal kinetic energy; 0 Kelvin or -273.15°C.
Define 'Number of Moles (n)'.
A unit of measurement for the amount of substance, representing 6.022 x 10^23 particles (Avogadro's number).