All Flashcards
What is specific heat ()?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.
What is thermal conductivity ()?
A measure of how well a material conducts heat.
Define heat energy transferred ().
The amount of energy transferred due to a temperature difference (measured in Joules).
Define rate of heat transfer ().
The amount of heat energy transferred per unit of time (measured in Watts).
What is in the context of specific heat and thermal conductivity?
Change in temperature, usually measured in degrees Celsius (°C).
What are the key differences between specific heat and thermal conductivity?
Specific Heat: How much energy changes temperature. Thermal Conductivity: How fast heat moves.
Compare materials with high vs. low specific heat.
High Specific Heat: Requires much energy to change temperature, heats/cools slowly. Low Specific Heat: Requires little energy to change temperature, heats/cools quickly.
Compare materials with high vs. low thermal conductivity.
High Thermal Conductivity: Transfers heat quickly (e.g., metals). Low Thermal Conductivity: Transfers heat slowly (e.g., insulators).
What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Heat: The total energy of molecular motion in a substance. Temperature: A measure of the average energy of molecular motion in a substance.
Differentiate between conduction and convection heat transfer.
Conduction: Heat transfer through direct contact. Convection: Heat transfer through the movement of fluids.
What happens when a material with high specific heat is heated?
Its temperature increases slowly because it requires a large amount of energy to raise its temperature.
What happens when a material with high thermal conductivity is placed in contact with a heat source?
Heat is rapidly transferred through the material.
What is the effect of increasing the thickness () of a material on the rate of heat transfer?
Increasing the thickness decreases the rate of heat transfer.
What happens if the temperature difference () across a material increases?
The rate of heat transfer through the material increases.
What is the effect of increasing the cross-sectional area () on the rate of heat transfer?
Increasing the cross-sectional area increases the rate of heat transfer.