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What are the differences between generators and transformers?
Generators: Convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. | Transformers: Change the voltage of alternating current.
Compare increasing vs. decreasing magnetic flux regarding induced magnetic field direction.
Increasing Flux: Induced field opposes the applied field. | Decreasing Flux: Induced field is in the same direction as the applied field.
What is Magnetic Flux (Φ)?
The amount of magnetic field passing through a given area; $Φ = B cdot A cdot cos(θ)$
Define Faraday's Law.
A changing magnetic flux through a loop induces an electromotive force (emf): $ε = -N frac{dΦ}{dt}$
What is Lenz's Law?
The induced emf creates a current that produces a magnetic field opposing the change in magnetic flux.
Define induced EMF.
The electromotive force generated in a circuit due to a changing magnetic field.
What is an area vector?
A vector perpendicular to the surface, pointing outward from a closed surface; used to determine the sign of magnetic flux.
What happens when magnetic flux through a loop increases?
An induced current is generated, creating a magnetic field opposing the increase.
What is the effect of moving a conductor through a magnetic field?
An electromotive force (EMF) is induced in the conductor.
What is the effect of a changing magnetic field near a conductor?
It induces a voltage (EMF) in the conductor.
What happens when the magnetic flux is decreasing?
The induced magnetic field points in the same direction as the applied field.
What happens when a conductor moves through a magnetic field in magnetic braking?
Induced currents dissipate kinetic energy as heat, slowing down the object.