All Flashcards
What is the effect of an atom gaining electrons?
The atom becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).
What is the effect of an atom losing electrons?
The atom becomes a positively charged ion (cation).
What happens when an electron transitions to a lower energy level?
A photon is emitted.
What happens when an electron absorbs a photon with the correct energy?
The electron transitions to a higher energy level.
Label the components of the Carbon-12 nucleus.
Protons: 6, Neutrons: 6
In a Bohr model diagram, what do the concentric circles represent?
Energy levels or electron shells.
What is the key difference between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14?
Carbon-12: 6 neutrons | Carbon-14: 8 neutrons (different number of neutrons)
Compare and contrast Cations vs. Anions.
Cations: Positive charge, fewer electrons than protons | Anions: Negative charge, more electrons than protons
Compare the Bohr model with modern quantum mechanics.
Bohr Model: Simplified, electrons in fixed orbits | Modern Quantum Mechanics: Orbitals, probability functions, more accurate for complex atoms