Electric Circuits
How does the electric potential energy of a positive charge change as it moves through a resistor?
Increases
Decreases
Remains constant
Fluctuates randomly
A battery provides 9V to a circuit loop. What must be the total voltage drop across all other components in the loop?
0V
4.5V
9V
18V
What does a positive slope on an electric potential graph typically represent?
A voltage gain
A voltage drop
Constant voltage
Zero potential
Kirchhoff's Loop Rule is based on the principle of what?
Conservation of energy
Conservation of charge
Ohm's Law
Superposition
An electric potential graph shows a sharp positive jump followed by a gradual negative slope. Which components are likely present in this part of the circuit?
Resistor followed by a battery
Battery followed by a resistor
Two resistors in series
Two batteries in series
Which of the following is a reason why Kirchhoff's Loop Rule is important?
It allows us to analyze complex circuits by breaking them down into simpler loops.
It simplifies the calculation of resistance.
It helps in reducing the current in the circuit.
It increases the overall voltage of the circuit.
Kirchhoff's Loop Rule is a direct consequence of what fundamental principle?
Conservation of momentum
Conservation of energy
Conservation of charge
Newton's Third Law

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In a series circuit with a 12V battery, a 4Ω resistor, and a 2Ω resistor, what is the voltage drop across the 4Ω resistor?
4V
6V
8V
12V
A charge of 2C moves through a potential difference of 5V. What is the change in electric potential energy?
2.5 J
10 J
7 J
0.4 J
According to Kirchhoff's Loop Rule, what is the sum of all voltage changes around a closed loop?
Equal to the source voltage
Zero
Infinite
Dependent on the resistance