Waves, Sound, and Physical Optics
Which of the following best describes the Doppler effect?
The change in the observed frequency of a wave due to the relative motion between the source and the observer.
The change in the amplitude of a wave due to the relative motion between the source and the observer.
The change in the speed of a wave due to the relative motion between the source and the observer.
The change in the wavelength of a wave due to the relative temperature between the source and the observer.
In which of the following scenarios would the Doppler effect be observed?
A stationary observer listening to a stationary sound source.
A source and an observer moving at the same speed and direction.
A stationary observer listening to a sound source moving towards them.
A stationary observer measuring the length of a stationary object.
Two cars are moving on a highway. Car A is chasing Car B. Both are moving at constant speed, but Car A is faster. What does the driver of Car B hear regarding the sound from Car A's horn?
A higher frequency than the actual frequency of the horn.
A lower frequency than the actual frequency of the horn.
The same frequency as the actual frequency of the horn.
No sound at all.
If a sound source is moving towards you, how does the observed frequency change?
The observed frequency increases.
The observed frequency decreases.
The observed frequency remains the same.
The observed frequency becomes zero.
A train is moving away from a stationary observer. Is the observed frequency higher, lower, or the same as the rest frequency?
Higher
Lower
The same
Impossible to determine
Three observers are listening to a siren. Observer A is stationary, Observer B is moving towards the siren, and Observer C is moving away from the siren. Rank the observed frequencies from highest to lowest.
B > A > C
A > B > C
C > A > B
A > C > B
How does increasing the speed of a car approaching you affect the observed frequency of its horn?
The observed frequency increases.
The observed frequency decreases.
The observed frequency remains the same.
The observed frequency becomes zero.

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A car is moving towards you at 20 m/s, and then it speeds up to 40 m/s. How does the change in frequency compare between the two speeds?
The change in frequency is greater at 40 m/s.
The change in frequency is smaller at 40 m/s.
The change in frequency is the same at both speeds.
The change in frequency is zero at both speeds.
Which of the following technologies uses the Doppler effect?
Microscopes
Telescopes
Radar guns
X-ray machines
How do police radar guns use the Doppler effect to measure speed?
By measuring the change in amplitude of reflected radio waves.
By measuring the change in frequency of reflected radio waves.
By measuring the change in wavelength of reflected radio waves.
By measuring the change in the intensity of reflected radio waves.